ArticleBiology direct2016
Just how Lamarckian is CRISPR-Cas immunity: the continuum of evolvability mechanisms.
Article in Biology direct, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Gradient metapopulation microfluidic ecologies shape genetic and biofilm drivers of T4r phage resistance in E. coli.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- The Quest for Antibodies and Other Acquired Immune Receptors: A Historical Perspective.International journal of immunogenetics · 2025Review
- Punctuated virus-driven succession generates dynamical alternations in CRISPR-mediated microbe-virus coevolution.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2024Article
- Historical Highlight: The Luria-Delbrück Fluctuation Test - A Study of the Nature of Bacterial Mutations Conferring Resistance to Infection by Bacteriophage.Pathogens & immunity · 2024Article
- Cas1-Cas2 physically and functionally interacts with DnaK to modulate CRISPR Adaptation.Nucleic acids research · 2023Article
- Investigating the Genomic Background of CRISPR-Cas Genomes for CRISPR-Based Antimicrobials.Evolutionary bioinformatics online · 2022Article
- Early usage and meaning of evolvability.Ecology and evolution · 2019Article
- CRISPR: a new principle of genome engineering linked to conceptual shifts in evolutionary biology.Biology & philosophy · 2019Article
- A spotlight on bacterial mutations for 75 years.Nature · 2018Article
- Darwinian selection of host and bacteria supports emergence of Lamarckian-like adaptation of the system as a whole.Biology direct · 2018Article
- Harnessing "A Billion Years of Experimentation": The Ongoing Exploration and Exploitation of CRISPR-Cas Immune Systems.The CRISPR journal · 2018Review
- Mobile Genetic Elements and Evolution of CRISPR-Cas Systems: All the Way There and Back.Genome biology and evolution · 2017Review
- Evolutionary Genomics of Defense Systems in Archaea and Bacteria.Annual review of microbiology · 2017Review
- Evolution of RNA- and DNA-guided antivirus defense systems in prokaryotes and eukaryotes: common ancestry vs convergence.Biology direct · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
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Abstract
The CRISPR-Cas system of prokaryotic adaptive immunity displays features of a mechanism for directional, Lamarckian evolution. Indeed, this system modifies a specific locus in a bacterial or archaeal genome by inserting a piece of foreign DNA into a CRISPR array which results in acquired, heritable resistance to the cognate selfish element. A key element of the Lamarckian scheme is the specificity and directionality of the mutational process whereby an environmental cue causes only mutations that provide specific adaptations to the original challenge. In the case of adaptive immunity, the specificity of mutations is equivalent to self-nonself discrimination. Recent studies on the CRISPR mechanism have shown that the levels of discrimination can substantially differ such that in some CRISPR-Cas variants incorporation of DNA is random whereas discrimination occurs by selection of cells that carry cognate inserts. In other systems, a higher level of specificity appears to be achieved via specialized mechanisms. These findings emphasize the continuity between random and directed mutations and the critical importance of evolved mechanisms that govern the mutational process.
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