Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26911640›Full record

ArticleNeurology2016

Effect of intellectual enrichment on AD biomarker trajectories: Longitudinal imaging study.

Prashanthi Vemuri, Timothy G Lesnick, Scott A Przybelski, David S Knopman, Mary Machulda, Val J Lowe, Michelle M Mielke, Rosebud O Roberts, Jeffrey L Gunter, Matthew L Senjem and 4 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neurology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
49citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
9.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

49 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Beneficial Effect of Societal Factors on APOE-ε2 and ε4 Carriers' Brain Health: A Systematic Review.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2024
    Pooled it
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  6. Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026
    Review
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  18. The New Frontier of Perioperative Cognitive Medicine for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2022
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Prashanthi VemuriFrom the Departments of Radiology (P.V., V.J.L., J.L.G., M.L.S., C.R.J.), Health Sciences Research (T.G.L., S.A.P., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R.), Neurology (D.S.K., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R., R.C.P.), and Psychology (M.M., Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Departments of Psychiatry (Y.E.G.) and Neurology (Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ. vemuri.prashanthi@mayo.edu.
Timothy G LesnickFrom the Departments of Radiology (P.V., V.J.L., J.L.G., M.L.S., C.R.J.), Health Sciences Research (T.G.L., S.A.P., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R.), Neurology (D.S.K., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R., R.C.P.), and Psychology (M.M., Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Departments of Psychiatry (Y.E.G.) and Neurology (Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ.
Scott A PrzybelskiFrom the Departments of Radiology (P.V., V.J.L., J.L.G., M.L.S., C.R.J.), Health Sciences Research (T.G.L., S.A.P., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R.), Neurology (D.S.K., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R., R.C.P.), and Psychology (M.M., Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Departments of Psychiatry (Y.E.G.) and Neurology (Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ.
David S KnopmanFrom the Departments of Radiology (P.V., V.J.L., J.L.G., M.L.S., C.R.J.), Health Sciences Research (T.G.L., S.A.P., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R.), Neurology (D.S.K., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R., R.C.P.), and Psychology (M.M., Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Departments of Psychiatry (Y.E.G.) and Neurology (Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ.
Mary MachuldaFrom the Departments of Radiology (P.V., V.J.L., J.L.G., M.L.S., C.R.J.), Health Sciences Research (T.G.L., S.A.P., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R.), Neurology (D.S.K., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R., R.C.P.), and Psychology (M.M., Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Departments of Psychiatry (Y.E.G.) and Neurology (Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ.
Val J LoweFrom the Departments of Radiology (P.V., V.J.L., J.L.G., M.L.S., C.R.J.), Health Sciences Research (T.G.L., S.A.P., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R.), Neurology (D.S.K., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R., R.C.P.), and Psychology (M.M., Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Departments of Psychiatry (Y.E.G.) and Neurology (Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ.
Michelle M MielkeFrom the Departments of Radiology (P.V., V.J.L., J.L.G., M.L.S., C.R.J.), Health Sciences Research (T.G.L., S.A.P., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R.), Neurology (D.S.K., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R., R.C.P.), and Psychology (M.M., Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Departments of Psychiatry (Y.E.G.) and Neurology (Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ.
Rosebud O RobertsFrom the Departments of Radiology (P.V., V.J.L., J.L.G., M.L.S., C.R.J.), Health Sciences Research (T.G.L., S.A.P., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R.), Neurology (D.S.K., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R., R.C.P.), and Psychology (M.M., Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Departments of Psychiatry (Y.E.G.) and Neurology (Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ.
Jeffrey L GunterFrom the Departments of Radiology (P.V., V.J.L., J.L.G., M.L.S., C.R.J.), Health Sciences Research (T.G.L., S.A.P., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R.), Neurology (D.S.K., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R., R.C.P.), and Psychology (M.M., Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Departments of Psychiatry (Y.E.G.) and Neurology (Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ.
Matthew L SenjemFrom the Departments of Radiology (P.V., V.J.L., J.L.G., M.L.S., C.R.J.), Health Sciences Research (T.G.L., S.A.P., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R.), Neurology (D.S.K., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R., R.C.P.), and Psychology (M.M., Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Departments of Psychiatry (Y.E.G.) and Neurology (Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ.
Yonas E GedaFrom the Departments of Radiology (P.V., V.J.L., J.L.G., M.L.S., C.R.J.), Health Sciences Research (T.G.L., S.A.P., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R.), Neurology (D.S.K., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R., R.C.P.), and Psychology (M.M., Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Departments of Psychiatry (Y.E.G.) and Neurology (Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ.
Walter A RoccaFrom the Departments of Radiology (P.V., V.J.L., J.L.G., M.L.S., C.R.J.), Health Sciences Research (T.G.L., S.A.P., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R.), Neurology (D.S.K., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R., R.C.P.), and Psychology (M.M., Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Departments of Psychiatry (Y.E.G.) and Neurology (Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ.
Ronald C PetersenFrom the Departments of Radiology (P.V., V.J.L., J.L.G., M.L.S., C.R.J.), Health Sciences Research (T.G.L., S.A.P., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R.), Neurology (D.S.K., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R., R.C.P.), and Psychology (M.M., Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Departments of Psychiatry (Y.E.G.) and Neurology (Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ.
Clifford R JackFrom the Departments of Radiology (P.V., V.J.L., J.L.G., M.L.S., C.R.J.), Health Sciences Research (T.G.L., S.A.P., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R.), Neurology (D.S.K., M.M.M., R.O.R., W.A.R., R.C.P.), and Psychology (M.M., Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Departments of Psychiatry (Y.E.G.) and Neurology (Y.E.G.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ.
Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute · IN

Funding

Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative - SupplementU01AG024904 · NIA · NORTHERN CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE RES &EDUC · PI WEINER, MICHAEL W · 2004 to 2015
$121.0M
SUPPLEMENT TO ALZHEIMERS DISEASE PATIENT REGISTRYU01AG006786 · NIA · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI GRAFF-RADFORD, JONATHAN, JACK, CLIFFORD R. · 1986 to 2023
$49.6M
THE PGRN/TDP-43 AXIS IN ALZHEIMER?S DISEASE AND NEURODEGENERATIONP50AG016574 · NIA · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI PETRUCELLI, LEONARD · 1999 to 2018
$36.9M
PREDICTING ALZHEIMERS DISEASE WITH MAGNETIC RESONANCER01AG011378 · NIA · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI JACK, CLIFFORD R. · 1993 to 2017
$12.1M
ARIC Neurocognitive Study (ARIC-NCS) Renewal 2 of 5U01HL096917 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MISSISSIPPI MED CTR · PI MOSLEY, THOMAS H · 2010 to 2018
$11.9M
Rochester Epidemiology ProjectR01AG034676 · NIA · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI ROCCA, WALTER A, ST SAUVER, JENNIFER LYNN · 2010 to 2019
$9.5M
Validating the New Criteria for Preclinical Alzheimer's diseaseR01AG041851 · NIA · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI JACK, CLIFFORD R., KNOPMAN, DAVID S · 2012 to 2021
$6.3M
Imaging CoreU01AG032438 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI BATEMAN, RANDALL J · 2008 to 2009
$6.1M
Stroke and Cognitive Impairment in Aging Chronic Kidney Disease PatientsR01AG037551 · NIA · HENNEPIN HEALTHCARE RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI MURRAY, ANNE M · 2011 to 2015
$2.7M
EXTRAMURAL RES FACIL IMPROVEMENT PROG: POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE, RENAL STUDIES,C06RR018898 · NCRR · MAYO CLINIC · PI BURNETT, JOHN C · 2004 to 2004
$2.3M
HOW DOES RESERVE MODIFY LINKS BETWEEN COGNITION & IMAGING INDICES OF AD PATHOLOGYR00AG037573 · NIA · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI VEMURI, PRASHANTHI · 2013 to 2015
$740k
NCRR NIH HHS C06 RR018898NHLBI NIH HHS U01-HL096917NIA NIH HHS P50 AG016574NIA NIH HHS P50 AG16574/P1NIA NIH HHS R00 AG037573NIA NIH HHS R00 AG37573NIA NIH HHS R01 AG011378NIA NIH HHS R01-AG011378NIA NIH HHS R01 AG034676NIA NIH HHS R01-AG037551NIA NIH HHS R01 AG041851NIA NIH HHS R01-AG041851NIA NIH HHS R01 AG11378NIA NIH HHS U01 AG006786NIA NIH HHS U01-AG024904NIA NIH HHS U01-AG032438NIA NIH HHS U01 AG06786
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo investigate the effect of age, sex, APOE4 genotype, and lifestyle enrichment (education/occupation, midlife cognitive activity, and midlife physical activity) on Alzheimer disease (AD) biomarker trajectories using longitudinal imaging data (brain β-amyloid load via Pittsburgh compound B PET and neurodegeneration via (18)fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET and structural MRI) in an elderly population without dementia.

methodsIn the population-based longitudinal Mayo Clinic Study of Aging, we studied 393 participants without dementia (340 clinically normal, 53 mild cognitive impairment; 70 years and older) who had cognitive and physical activity measures and at least 2 visits with imaging biomarkers. We dichotomized participants into high (≥14 years) and low (<14 years) education levels using the median. For the entire cohort and the 2 education strata, we built linear mixed models to investigate the effect of the predictors on each of the biomarker outcomes.

resultsAge was associated with amyloid and neurodegeneration trajectories; APOE4 status appears to influence only the amyloid and FDG trajectories but not hippocampal volume trajectory. In the high-education stratum, high midlife cognitive activity was associated with lower amyloid deposition in APOE4 carriers. APOE4 status was associated with lower FDG uptake in the entire cohort and in participants with lower education but not the high-education cohort.

conclusionsThere were minimal effects of lifestyle enrichment on AD biomarker trajectories (specifically rates). Lifetime intellectual enrichment (high education, high midlife cognitive activity) is associated with lower amyloid in APOE4 carriers. High education is protective from the APOE4 effect on FDG metabolism. Differing education levels may explain the conflicting results seen in the literature.

Indexed as

Population SurveillanceRisk Reduction BehaviorAgedAged, 80 and overAlzheimer DiseaseApolipoprotein E4BiomarkersCognitive DysfunctionCohort StudiesEducational StatusFemaleHippocampusHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMotor ActivityApolipoprotein E4Biomarkers

Identifiers

PMID26911640
PMCPMC4820132
OpenAlexW2280771112

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.