Trial reportThe Journal of infectious diseases2016
Periodic Presumptive Treatment for Vaginal Infections May Reduce the Incidence of Sexually Transmitted Bacterial Infections.
Trial report in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Mycoplasma genitalium Infection in Kenyan and US Women.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2018Trial
- Comparing Asymptomatic Versus Symptomatic Bacterial Vaginosis: Clinical Characteristics, Vaginal Microbiota, and Lactic Acid Profiles.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2026Article
- The influence of the vaginal ecosystem on vaginitis, bacterial vaginosis, and sexually transmitted diseases: an epidemiological study and literature review.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2025Review
- Mycoplasma genitalium in the US (MyGeniUS): Surveillance Data From Sexual Health Clinics in 4 US Regions.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
- A prospective preconception cohort study of the association between Mycoplasma genitalium and fecundability in Kenyan women trying to conceive.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2023Article
- Associations Between Vaginal Bacteria and Bacterial Vaginosis Signs and Symptoms: A Comparative Study of Kenyan and American Women.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Protection and Risk: Male and Female Genital Microbiota and Sexually Transmitted Infections.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Review
- The Complex Link between the Female Genital Microbiota, Genital Infections, and Inflammation.Infection and immunity · 2021Review
- Temporal Changes in Vaginal Microbiota and Genital Tract Cytokines Among South African Women Treated for Bacterial Vaginosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- The Female Vaginal Microbiome in Health and Bacterial Vaginosis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
- Characteristics of Mycoplasma genitalium Urogenital Infections in a Diverse Patient Sample from the United States: Results from the Aptima Mycoplasma genitalium Evaluation Study (AMES).Journal of clinical microbiology · 2020Article
- Recent advances in cultivation-independent molecular-based techniques for the characterization of vaginal eubiosis and dysbiosis.Faculty reviews · 2020Review
- Lessons from Suppressive Therapy and Periodic Presumptive Treatment for Bacterial Vaginosis.Current infectious disease reports · 2019Review
- Mechanisms of sexually transmitted infection-induced inflammation in women: implications for HIV risk.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2019Article
- Presumptive and Follow-up Treatment for Gonorrhea and Chlamydia Among Patients Attending Public Health Department Clinics in Virginia, 2016.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2019Article
- Association of Recent Bacterial Vaginosis With Acquisition of Mycoplasma genitalium.American journal of epidemiology · 2017Article
- High prevalence of curable sexually transmitted infections among pregnant women in a rural county hospital in Kilifi, Kenya.PloS one · 2017Article
- Prevalence of HIV and sexually transmitted infections among young women engaged in sex work aboard foreign fishing vessels in Kiribati.Western Pacific surveillance and response journal : WPSARArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBacterial vaginosis (BV) may increase women's susceptibility to sexually transmitted infections (STIs). In a randomized trial of periodic presumptive treatment (PPT) to reduce vaginal infections, we observed a significant reduction in BV. We further assessed the intervention effect on incident Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Mycoplasma genitalium infection.
methodsNonpregnant, human immunodeficiency virus-uninfected women from the United States and Kenya received intravaginal metronidazole (750 mg) plus miconazole (200 mg) or placebo for 5 consecutive nights each month for 12 months. Genital fluid specimens were collected every other month. Poisson regression models were used to assess the intervention effect on STI acquisition.
resultsOf 234 women enrolled, 221 had specimens available for analysis. Incidence of any bacterial STI (C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoeae, or M. genitalium infection) was lower in the intervention arm, compared with the placebo arm (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 0.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], .32-.91). When assessed individually, reductions in STI incidences were similar but not statistically significant (IRRs, 0.50 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .20-1.23] for C. trachomatis infection, 0.56 [95% CI, .19-1.67] for N. gonorrhoeae infection, and 0.66 [95% CI, .38-1.15] for M. genitalium infection).
conclusionsIn addition to reducing BV, this PPT intervention may also reduce the risk of bacterial STI among women. Because BV is highly prevalent, often persists, and frequently recurs after treatment, interventions that reduce BV over extended periods could play a role in decreasing STI incidence globally.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.