ArticlePediatrics2016
Trends in Metabolic Syndrome Severity and Lifestyle Factors Among Adolescents.
Article in Pediatrics, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 46 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents: Definitions, Criteria, and Health Implications.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- The Predictive Ability and Trend of Continuous Metabolic Syndrome (cMets) Score as a Marker for the Presence of Metabolic Syndrome among Iranian Adults from 2007 to 2025 Using STEPS Studies.International journal of preventive medicine · 2026Article
- Sex differences in metabolic syndrome among U.S. adolescents, NHANES 1999-2020.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- Childhood obesity: The threatening apprentice of the adiposity empire.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- Developmental Trends of Metabolic Syndrome in the Past Two Decades: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Continuous metabolic syndrome score in cardiovascular risk assessment in adolescents.Central European journal of public health · 2024Article
- Utility of the TG/HDL-C Ratio in Estimating Pediatric Cardiometabolic Risk in a Community Hospital.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome Among Emerging Adult Cannabis Users by Race/Ethnicity: Analysis of the 2009-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.American journal of medicine open · 2024Article
- The impact of co-exposure to air and noise pollution on the incidence of metabolic syndrome from a health checkup cohort.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Trends in the relationship between suicide behaviors and obesity among adolescents in the United States from 1999 to 2019.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2024Article
- Polymorphisms of Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated Gene in the Pathogenesis of Child and Adolescent Metabolic Syndrome.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Skeptical Look at the Clinical Implication of Metabolic Syndrome in Childhood Obesity.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2023 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2023Review
- Intermittent energy restriction vs. continuous energy restriction on cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with metabolic syndrome: a meta-analysis and systematic review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Review
- Lipid accumulation product is a better predictor of metabolic syndrome in Chinese adolescents: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Prevalence Trends of Metabolic Syndrome among Korean Children and Adolescents from a Population-Based Cross-Sectional Survey.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Multilevel Analysis of the Nutritional and Health Status among Children and Adolescents in Eastern China.Nutrients · 2022Article
- The Impact of Obesity Assessed by Different Criteria on the Metabolic Parameters in Children and Adolescents in Georgia.Global pediatric health · 2022Article
- Trends and Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome among Korean Adolescents, 2007 to 2018.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2021Article
- Media use trajectories and risk of metabolic syndrome in European children and adolescents: the IDEFICS/I.Family cohort.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesChildhood metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a risk factor for adverse outcomes later in life. Our goal was to identify temporal trends among US adolescents in the severity of MetS, its individual components, and factors related to diet and physical activity.
methodsWe analyzed 5117 participants aged 12 to 19 from NHANES. We used regression analysis of individual waves of data, 1999 to 2012. MetS severity was calculated using a gender- and race/ethnicity-specific MetS severity z score.
resultsThere was a linear trend of decreasing MetS severity in US adolescents from 1999 to 2012 (P = .030). This occurred despite a trend of increasing BMI z score (P = .005); instead, the decrease in MetS severity appeared to be due to trends in increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL; P < .0001) and decreasing triglyceride (P = .0001) levels. In considering lifestyle factors, there was no change in physical activity over the time period. Regarding dietary patterns, total calorie consumption and carbohydrate consumption were positively associated with triglyceride levels and negatively associated with HDL levels, whereas unsaturated fat consumption exhibited the opposite associations. Consistent with these associations, there was a trend of decreasing total calorie consumption (P < .0001), decreasing carbohydrate consumption (P < .0001), and increasing unsaturated fat consumption (P = .002).
conclusionsThe healthier trend of declining MetS severity in adolescents appeared to be due to favorable increases in HDL and decreases in fasting triglyceride measurements. These were in turn associated with favorable changes in dietary patterns among US adolescents. Future studies should investigate the causality of dietary differences on changes in MetS severity in adolescents.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.