ArticleBMJ open2016
Discrimination in the workplace, reported by people with major depressive disorder: a cross-sectional study in 35 countries.
Article in BMJ open, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mental health related stigma in Romania: systematic review and narrative synthesis.BMC psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- In What Ways Does Health Related Stigma Affect Sustainable Employment and Well-Being at Work? A Systematic Review.Journal of occupational rehabilitation · 2022Pooled it
- Mental health first aid in the workplace: a reflexive thematic analysis of UK workers' experiences.International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being · 2026Trial
- Development of MHFA-based 2-h educational program for early intervention in depression among office workers: A single-arm pilot trial.PloS one · 2018Trial
- Job-search self-efficacy in unemployed individuals with mental health issues: investigating the role of self-stigma with variable-centered and person-centered approaches.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- A nationally representative survey of the impact of discrimination towards people with mental health problems: SANE's 2025 National Stigma Report Card.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2026Article
- Association between perceived discrimination and depressive symptoms among male and female mining workers in Chile: a sex-stratified analysis and the mediating role of psychological distress.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Clinical Consultation in the Workplace: Are There Implications for Response Attitudes?Psychologica Belgica · 2025Article
- Stigmatizing Attitudes towards Mental Illness among University Students: a Comparative Study with the General Population.Trends in psychiatry and psychotherapy · 2024Observational
- Article
- Improving Work Participation Outcomes Among Unemployed People with Mental Health Issues/Mental Illness: Feasibility of a Stigma Awareness Intervention.Journal of occupational rehabilitation · 2024Article
- Mental health and well-being at the workplace.Indian journal of psychiatry · 2024Article
- Stakeholder views on work participation for workers with depression and intersectoral collaboration in depression care: a focus group study with a salutogenic perspective.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2023Article
- Telepsychiatry in an Era of Digital Mental Health Startups.Current psychiatry reports · 2023Review
- Teleosts as behaviour test models for social stress.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2023Review
- Dutch workers' attitudes towards having a coworker with mental health issues or illness: a latent class analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Role of traditional beliefs in the knowledge and perceptions of mental health and illness amongst rural-dwelling women in western Nigeria.African journal of primary health care & family medicine · 2022Article
- Commercial Use of Emotion Artificial Intelligence (AI): Implications for Psychiatry.Current psychiatry reports · 2022Review
- Workplace Mental Health Interventions in India: A Rapid Systematic Scoping Review.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Exploring mental health stigma among chinese-english bilinguals: Dual-process model of emotional competence, flipped learning readiness, and academic performance in Mainland Chinese Universities.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
21 authors at 14 institutions in 12 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveWhereas employment has been shown to be beneficial for people with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) across different cultures, employers' attitudes have been shown to be negative towards workers with MDD. This may form an important barrier to work participation. Today, little is known about how stigma and discrimination affect work participation of workers with MDD, especially from their own perspective. We aimed to assess, in a working age population including respondents with MDD from 35 countries: (1) if people with MDD anticipate and experience discrimination when trying to find or keep paid employment; (2) if participants in high, middle and lower developed countries differ in these respects; and (3) if discrimination experiences are related to actual employment status (ie, having a paid job or not).
methodParticipants in this cross-sectional study (N=834) had a diagnosis of MDD in the previous 12 months. They were interviewed using the Discrimination and Stigma Scale (DISC-12). Analysis of variance and generalised linear mixed models were used to analyse the data.
resultsOverall, 62.5% had anticipated and/or experienced discrimination in the work setting. In very high developed countries, almost 60% of respondents had stopped themselves from applying for work, education or training because of anticipated discrimination. Having experienced workplace discrimination was independently related to unemployment.
conclusionsAcross different countries and cultures, people with MDD very frequently reported discrimination in the work setting. Effective interventions are needed to enhance work participation in people with MDD, focusing simultaneously on decreasing stigma in the work environment and on decreasing self-discrimination by empowering workers with MDD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.