Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26906479›Full record

ArticleChild's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery2016

Ventricular-subcutaneous shunt for the treatment of experimental hydrocephalus in young rats: technical note.

Marcelo Volpon Santos, Camila Araujo Bernardino Garcia, Evelise Oliveira Jardini, Thais Helena Romeiro, Luiza da Silva Lopes, Hélio Rubens Machado, Ricardo Santos de Oliveira

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Article in Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

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0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Evaluation of the effects of quercetin on brain lesions secondary to experimental hydrocephalus in rats.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2019
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Marcelo Volpon SantosDivision of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Campus Universitário, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil. marcelovolpon@yahoo.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0850-7039
Camila Araujo Bernardino GarciaBehavioral Neuropathology and Pediatric Neurosurgery Laboratory, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
Evelise Oliveira JardiniBehavioral Neuropathology and Pediatric Neurosurgery Laboratory, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
Thais Helena RomeiroBehavioral Neuropathology and Pediatric Neurosurgery Laboratory, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
Luiza da Silva LopesBehavioral Neuropathology and Pediatric Neurosurgery Laboratory, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
Hélio Rubens MachadoDivision of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Campus Universitário, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil.
Ricardo Santos de OliveiraDivision of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Campus Universitário, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHydrocephalus is a complex disease that affects cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics and is very common in children. To this date, CSF shunting is still the standard treatment for childhood hydrocephalus, but, nevertheless, the effects of such an operation on the developing brain are widely unknown. To help overcome this, experimental models of CSF shunts are surely very useful tools.

objectiveThe objective of this study was to describe a feasible and reliable technique of an adapted ventricular-subcutaneous shunt for the treatment of kaolin-induced hydrocephalus in young rats.

methodsWe developed a ventricular-subcutaneous shunt (VSCS) technique which was used in 31 Wistar young rats with kaolin-induced hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus was induced at 7 days of age, and shunt implantation was performed 7 days later. Our technique used a 0.7-mm gauge polypropylene catheter tunneled to a subcutaneous pocket created over the animal's back and inserted into the right lateral ventricle. All animals were sacrificed 14 days after shunt insertion.

resultsTwenty-four rats survived and remained well until the study was ended. No major complications were seen. Their weight gain went back to normal. They all underwent ambulatory behavioral testing prior and after VSCS, which showed improvement in their motor skills. We have also obtained magnetic resonance (MR) scans of 16 pups confirming reduction of ventricular size after shunting and indicating effective treatment. Histopathological analysis of brain samples before and after shunting showed reversion of ependymal and corpus callosum disruption, as well as fewer reactive astrocytes in shunted animals.

conclusionsAn experimental CSF shunt technique was devised. Excessive CSF of hydrocephalic rats is diverted into the subcutaneous space where it can be resorbed. This technique has a low complication rate and is effective. It might be applied to various types of experimental studies involving induction and treatment of hydrocephalus.

Indexed as

Disease Models, AnimalAnalysis of VarianceAnimalsAntidiarrhealsBrainCathetersCerebrospinal Fluid ShuntsGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinHydrocephalusInfusions, SubcutaneousKaolinMagnetic Resonance ImagingRatsRats, WistarAntidiarrhealsGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinKaolinCerebrospinal fluidCSF shuntingExperimental hydrocephalusKaolin-induced hydrocephalus

Identifiers

PMID26906479

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.