ArticleOtology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology2016
Lack of Evidence for Nonotosclerotic Stapes Fixation in Human Temporal Bone Histopathology.
Article in Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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4 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Conductive hearing loss and normal CT: a clinical perspective.Neuroradiology · 2026Review
- Histopathological Patterns of Otosclerosis Progression: Exploring Otic Capsule and Round Window Involvement.The Laryngoscope · 2025Article
- The Stapes in Otosclerosis: Osteoarthritis of an Ear Ossicle.Head and neck pathology · 2021Article
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7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
hypothesisNonotosclerotic stapes fixation does not represent a significant cause of stapes ankylosis in patients undergoing stapedectomy; the vast majority have otosclerosis.
backgroundNonotosclerotic stapes fixation has been proposed as the diagnosis in 30 to 40% of patients undergoing stapedectomy (after excluding rare congenital, systemic, and syndromic causes of stapes fixation and tympanosclerosis). This finding was based on the histopathologic evaluation of total stapedectomy surgical specimens. Since these specimens do not include the surrounding otic capsule, the histopathologic evidence of otosclerosis may be missed.
methodsHuman temporal bone specimens from patients who underwent stapes mobilization, stapedotomy, or stapedectomy during life were evaluated for histologic evidence of otosclerosis. Patients with a history of temporal bone trauma, tympanosclerosis, and congenital, systemic, or syndromic causes of stapes fixation were excluded. Therefore, most temporal bone donors carried a clinical diagnosis of otosclerosis.
resultsTwo hundred ten specimens from three temporal bone collections were independently evaluated. Otosclerosis was found on histology in 99% (207/210). Therefore, the incidence of nonotosclerotic stapes fixation was 1% (3/210). In two of the three patients who did not have otosclerosis, the contralateral temporal bone had otosclerosis on histopathologic evaluation. These patients may have had otosclerosis in the footplate only (which was removed at the time of surgery and not available for review).
conclusionNonotosclerotic stapes fixation is not likely a distinct pathologic classification from otosclerosis. Most patients diagnosed with nonotosclerotic stapes fixation likely have otosclerosis, but do not have otosclerotic foci in the stapes itself.
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