ArticleInternational journal of vascular medicine2016
Vascular Health in American Football Players: Cardiovascular Risk Increased in Division III Players.
Article in International journal of vascular medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Peak V̇OPhysiological reports · 2025Article
- Effects of a competitive season on the plasma lipid profile of soccer players.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Mediative role of body mass index in cardiorespiratory fitness-associated vascular remodeling in youth.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- The association between playing professional American football and longevity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Vascular diameter and intima-media thickness to diameter ratio values of the carotid artery in 642 healthy children.European journal of pediatrics · 2021Article
- Tactical Circuit Training Improves Blood Pressure and Vascular Health More Than Resistance Training.International journal of exercise science · 2021Article
- Improved Carotid Elasticity but Altered Central Hemodynamics and Carotid Structure in Young Athletes.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2021Article
- Vascular health determinants in children.Cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy · 2019Article
- Influence of Vigorous Physical Activity on Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular System in Young Athletes-The MuCAYA-Study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2019Article
- Hypertension in Athletes and Active Populations.Current hypertension reports · 2016Review
- Higher Cardiovascular Risk Factor Burden Associated With Cumulative Concussion History and Age-Related Differences.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationArticle
- Relationship between proxies for Type II fiber type and resting blood pressure in Division I American Football Athletes.International journal of health sciencesArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Studies report that football players have high blood pressure (BP) and increased cardiovascular risk. There are over 70,000 NCAA football players and 450 Division III schools sponsor football programs, yet limited research exists on vascular health of athletes. This study aimed to compare vascular and cardiovascular health measures between football players and nonathlete controls. Twenty-three athletes and 19 nonathletes participated. Vascular health measures included flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT). Cardiovascular measures included clinic and 24 hr BP levels, body composition, VO2 max, and fasting glucose/cholesterol levels. Compared to controls, football players had a worse vascular and cardiovascular profile. Football players had thicker carotid artery IMT (0.49 ± 0.06 mm versus 0.46 ± 0.07 mm) and larger brachial artery diameter during FMD (4.3 ± 0.5 mm versus 3.7 ± 0.6 mm), but no difference in percent FMD. Systolic BP was significantly higher in football players at all measurements: resting (128.2 ± 6.4 mmHg versus 122.4 ± 6.8 mmHg), submaximal exercise (150.4 ± 18.8 mmHg versus 137.3 ± 9.5 mmHg), maximal exercise (211.3 ± 25.9 mmHg versus 191.4 ± 19.2 mmHg), and 24-hour BP (124.9 ± 6.3 mmHg versus 109.8 ± 3.7 mmHg). Football players also had higher fasting glucose (91.6 ± 6.5 mg/dL versus 86.6 ± 5.8 mg/dL), lower HDL (36.5 ± 11.2 mg/dL versus 47.1 ± 14.8 mg/dL), and higher body fat percentage (29.2 ± 7.9% versus 23.2 ± 7.0%). Division III collegiate football players remain an understudied population and may be at increased cardiovascular risk.
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Registered trials
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