Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26904227›Full record

ArticleJournal of thoracic disease2016

A stepwise protocol for the treatment of refractory gastroesophageal reflux-induced chronic cough.

Xianghuai Xu, Hanjing Lv, Li Yu, Qiang Chen, Siwei Liang, Zhongmin Qiu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of thoracic disease, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  6. WAO - ARIA consensus on chronic cough: Executive summary.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2025
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  19. Perspectives on chronic cough in Korea.Journal of thoracic disease · 2020
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Xianghuai XuDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China.
Hanjing LvDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China.
Li YuDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China.
Qiang ChenDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China.
Siwei LiangDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China.
Zhongmin QiuDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRefractory gastroesophageal reflux-induced chronic cough (GERC) is difficult to manage. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of a novel stepwise protocol for treating this condition.

methodsA total of 103 consecutive patients with suspected refractory reflux-induced chronic cough failing to a standard anti-reflux therapy were treated with a stepwise therapy. Treatment commences with high-dose omeprazole and, if necessary, is escalated to subsequent sequential treatment with ranitidine and finally baclofen. The primary end-point was overall cough resolution, and the secondary end-point was cough resolution after each treatment step.

resultsHigh-dose omeprazole eliminated or improved cough in 28.1% of patients (n=29). Further stepwise of treatment with the addition of ranitide yielded a favorable response in an additional 12.6% (n=13) of patients, and subsequent escalation to baclofen provoked response in another 36.9% (n=38) of patients. Overall, this stepwise protocol was successful in 77.6% (n=80) of patients. The diurnal cough symptom score fell from 3 [1] to 1 [0] (Z=6.316, P=0.000), and the nocturnal cough symptom score decreased from 1 [1] to 0 [1] (Z=-4.511, P=0.000), with a corresponding reduction in the Gastroesophageal Reflux Diagnostic Questionnaire score from 8.6±1.7 to 6.8±0.7 (t=3.612, P=0.000). Conversely, the cough threshold C2 to capsaicin was increased from 0.49 (0.49) µmol/L to 1.95 (2.92) µmol/L (Z=-5.892, P=0.000), and the cough threshold C5 was increased from 1.95 (2.92) µmol/L to 7.8 (5.85) µmol/L (Z=-5.171, P=0.000).

conclusionsSequential stepwise anti-reflux therapy is a useful therapeutic strategy for refractory reflux-induced chronic cough.

Indexed as

Baclofencoughgastroesophageal refluxhistamine H2 receptor antagonistsproton pump inhibitors (PPIs)

Identifiers

PMID26904227
PMCPMC4740156

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.