ReviewCurrent neuropharmacology2016
Kappa Opioids, Salvinorin A and Major Depressive Disorder.
Review in Current neuropharmacology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- The translational potential of salvinorin A: systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies.Translational psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Trial
- Attenuation of Antidepressant Effects of Ketamine by Opioid Receptor Antagonism.The American journal of psychiatry · 2018Trial
- MicroRNA-124-3p regulates NPY to affect appetite in individuals with depressive disorder.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Addressing blinding in classic psychedelic studies with innovative active placebos.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Review
- Molecular Modeling and In Vitro Functional Analysis of the RGS12 PDZ Domain Variant Associated with High-Penetrance Familial Bipolar Disorder.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Synthetic surprise as the foundation of the psychedelic experience.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2024Review
- Identification and Analyses of Crucial Genes Associated with Pathogenesis of Major Depressive Disorder.Psychiatry and clinical psychopharmacology · 2023Article
- Acute Wheel-Running Increases Markers of Stress and Aversion-Related Signaling in the Basolateral Amygdala of Male Rats.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2022Article
- The opioid system in depression.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2022Review
- Asymmetric Syntheses of (+)- and (-)-Collybolide Enable Reevaluation ofACS central science · 2022Article
- Novel selective κ agonists SLL-039 and SLL-1206 produce potent antinociception with fewer sedation and aversion.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2022Article
- The Kappa Opioid Receptor and the Sleep of Reason: Cortico-Subcortical Imbalance Following Salvinorin-A.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Therapeutic Potential of Salvinorin A and Its Analogues in Various Neurological Disorders.Translational perioperative and pain medicine · 2022Article
- Molecular mechanisms of opioid tolerance: From opioid receptors to inflammatory mediators (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021Review
- A Dendrite-Focused Framework for Understanding the Actions of Ketamine and Psychedelics.Trends in neurosciences · 2021Review
- Mechanisms Underlying the Anti-Suicidal Treatment Potential of Buprenorphine.Advances in drug and alcohol research · 2021Article
- Article
- Cutting-Edge Search for Safer Opioid Pain Relief: Retrospective Review of Salvinorin A and Its Analogs.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2019Review
- Targeting multiple opioid receptors - improved analgesics with reduced side effects?British journal of pharmacology · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Opioids are traditionally associated with pain, analgesia and drug abuse. It is now clear, however, that the opioids are central players in mood. The implications for mood disorders, particularly clinical depression, suggest a paradigm shift from the monoamine neurotransmitters to the opioids either alone or in interaction with monoamine neurons. We have a special interest in dynorphin, the last of the major endogenous opioids to be isolated and identified. Dynorphin is derived from the Greek word for power, dynamis, which hints at the expectation that the neuropeptide held for its discoverers. Yet, dynorphin and its opioid receptor subtype, kappa, has always taken a backseat to the endogenous b-endorphin and the exogenous morphine that both bind the mu opioid receptor subtype. That may be changing as the dynorphin/ kappa system has been shown to have different, often opposite, neurophysiological and behavioral influences. This includes major depressive disorder (MDD). Here, we have undertaken a review of dynorphin/ kappa neurobiology as related to behaviors, especially MDD. Highlights include the unique features of dynorphin and kappa receptors and the special relation of a plant-based agonist of the kappa receptor salvinorin A. In addition to acting as a kappa opioid agonist, we conclude that salvinorin A has a complex pharmacologic profile, with potential additional mechanisms of action. Its unique neurophysiological effects make Salvinorina A an ideal candidate for MDD treatment research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.