Trial reportPloS one2016
Perceptions and Practices of Community Pharmacists towards Antimicrobial Stewardship in the State of Selangor, Malaysia.
Trial report in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dose optimization of β-lactams antibiotics in pediatrics and adults: A systematic review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Development of an antimicrobial stewardship implementation model involving collaboration between general practitioners and pharmacists: GPPAS study in Australian primary care.Primary health care research & development · 2021Pooled it
- A Codesigned Approach to Develop Tailored Antimicrobial Stewardship Strategies in Bangladesh: A Social-Ecological Systems Framework Analysis.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial stewardship in community pharmacies in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State: practices, barriers, and facilitators.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2026Article
- Bridging knowledge and practice: Antimicrobial Stewardship by community pharmacists in New Zealand.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2026Article
- Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Antibiotic Use and Resistance: A Cross-Sectional Study from Oman.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Evaluation of determinants affecting technical efficiency of dairy farms.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Barriers in implementing antibiotic stewardship programmes at paediatric units in academic hospitals in Thailand: a qualitative study.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Factors Influencing Community Pharmacists' Participation in Antimicrobial Stewardship: A Qualitative Inquiry.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Antimicrobial perceptions and stewardship practices among community pharmacy dispensers in Nepal.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2025Article
- Community pharmacists' knowledge and practices towards antimicrobial stewardship: findings and implications.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2024Article
- The role of community pharmacists and their perception towards antimicrobial stewardship in Baghdad, Iraq.Health care science · 2024Article
- Knowledge, Perception, and Self-Confidence of Antibiotic Resistance, Appropriate Antibiotic Therapy, and Antibiotic Stewardship Among Undergraduate Pharmacy Students in Sudan.Infection and drug resistance · 2024Article
- Exploring the discord between pharmacy education and practice in antimicrobial stewardship.Health SA = SA Gesondheid · 2023Article
- Knowledge, attitude, and perception of community pharmacists towards antimicrobial stewardship in Saudi Arabia: A descriptive cross-sectional study.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2022Article
- Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Community Pharmacy Professionals on Poultry Antibiotic Dispensing, Use, and Bacterial Antimicrobial Resistance in Zambia: Implications on Antibiotic Stewardship and WHO AWaRe Classification of Antibiotics.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Article
- Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Community Pharmacists in Relation to Dispensing Antibiotics Without Prescription in Sudan: A Cross-sectional Study.Integrated pharmacy research & practice · 2022Article
- Factors Related to Antibiotic Supply without a Prescription for Common Infections: A Cross-Sectional National Survey in Sri Lanka.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Views of Community Pharmacists on Antimicrobial Resistance and Antimicrobial Stewardship in Jordan: A Qualitative Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIncreasing antimicrobial resistance is one of the pressing concerns globally. Injudicious use of antibiotics is one of the modifiable factors responsible for antimicrobial resistance. Given the widespread use of antimicrobials in community settings, pharmacists have an important role in ensuring appropriate use of antibiotics. The objective of this study was to assess the perception and self-reported practices of community pharmacists towards antimicrobial stewardship.
methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among community pharmacists between March-April, 2015, using a self-administered, pre-tested questionnaire in the State of Selangor, Malaysia. A simple random sampling approach was used to select pharmacy sites. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used to analyse the data.
resultsA total of 188 pharmacists responded to the survey, giving a response rate of 83.5%. The majority of participants (n = 182, 96.8%) believed that antimicrobial stewardship program helps healthcare professionals to improve the quality of patient care. However, more than half of pharmacists were neutral in their opinion about the incorporation of antimicrobial stewardship programs in community pharmacies (n = 102, 54.2%). Though collaboration was often done by pharmacists with other health professionals over the use of antibiotics (n = 104, 55.3%), a significant proportion of participants (n = 102, 54.2%) rarely/occasionally participate in antimicrobial awareness campaigns. Pharmacists having postgraduate qualification were more likely to held positive perceptions of, and were engaged in, antimicrobial stewardship than their non-postgraduate counterpart (p<0.05). Similarly, more experienced pharmacists (> 10 years) held positive perceptions towards antimicrobial stewardship (p<0.05).
conclusionThe study highlighted some gaps in the perception and practices of community pharmacist towards antimicrobial stewardship. Development of customized interventions would be critical to bridging these gaps and improve their perception and practices towards antimicrobial stewardship.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.