ReviewWorld journal of gastroenterology2016
Role of Tim-3 in hepatitis B virus infection: An overview.
Review in World journal of gastroenterology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Longitudinal assessment of T cell inhibitory receptors in liver transplant recipients and their association with posttransplant infections.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2018Trial
- Immune checkpoints and immunoregulation in metabolic diseases and cancers: pathological mechanisms and therapeutic potential.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- TIM-3+ Macrophages: Insights into Their Role in Cancer and Inflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Rationale of using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and anti-angiogenic agents in cancer treatment from a molecular perspective.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Immunohistochemical Profiling of Immune Checkpoints in Chronic Hepatitis B Liver Tissue.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Insights into Immune Exhaustion in Chronic Hepatitis B: A Review of Checkpoint Receptor Expression.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- EBV-associated epithelial cancers cells promote vasculogenic mimicry formation via a secretory cross-talk with the immune microenvironment.Theranostics · 2024Article
- TIM-3 as a promising target for cancer immunotherapy in a wide range of tumors.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2023Review
- Review
- Immune checkpoints on T and NK cells in the context of HBV infection: Landscape, pathophysiology and therapeutic exploitation.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Can Soluble Immune Checkpoint Molecules on Exosomes Mediate Inflammation?Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2022Review
- Expression changes of Tim-3 as one of supplementary indicators for monitoring prognosis of liver pathological changes in chronic HBV infection.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- The Role of Immune Checkpoint Molecules on Macrophages in Cancer, Infection, and Autoimmune Pathologies.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 is highly expressed in patients with acute decompensated heart failure and predicts mid-term prognosis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- Hepatitis B functional cure and immune response.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- The Role of PD-1 in Acute and Chronic Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- The Role of TIM-3 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Promising Target for Immunotherapy?Frontiers in oncology · 2020Review
- Increased Tim-3 expression alleviates liver injury by regulating macrophage activation in MCD-induced NASH mice.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2019Article
- Downregulated Tim-3 expression is responsible for the incidence and development of colorectal cancer.Oncology letters · 2018Article
- Immune checkpoint receptors: homeostatic regulators of immunity.Hepatology international · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has received increasing public attention. HBV is the prototypical member of hepadnaviruses, which naturally infect only humans and great apes and induce the acute and persistent chronic infection of hepatocytes. A large body of evidence has demonstrated that dysfunction of the host anti-viral immune response is responsible for persistent HBV replication, unresolved inflammation and disease progression. Many regulatory factors are involved in immune dysfunction. Among these, T cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain-3 (Tim-3), one of the immune checkpoint proteins, has attracted increasing attention due to its critical role in regulating both adaptive and innate immune cells. In chronic HBV infection, Tim-3 expression is elevated in many types of immune cells, such as T helper cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages and natural killer cells. Tim-3 over-expression is often accompanied by impaired function of the above-mentioned immunocytes, and Tim-3 inhibition can at least partially rescue impaired immune function and thus promote viral clearance. A better understanding of the regulatory role of Tim-3 in host immunity during HBV infection will shed new light on the mechanisms of HBV-related liver disease and suggest new therapeutic methods for intervention.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.