ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2016
The impact of ADHD persistence, recent cannabis use, and age of regular cannabis use onset on subcortical volume and cortical thickness in young adults.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review of structural and functional neuroimaging studies of cannabis use in adolescence and emerging adulthood: evidence from 90 studies and 9441 participants.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Neurodevelopmental Effects of Cannabis Use in Adolescents and Emerging Adults with ADHD: A Systematic Review.Harvard review of psychiatryPooled it
- Abnormal Cortical Thickness Development in Young Adults With Heavy Cannabis Use: A Longitudinal Study.Addiction biology · 2025Article
- Heavy and Chronic Cannabis Addiction does not Impact Motor Function: A BOLD-fMRI Study.CNS & neurological disorders drug targets · 2025Article
- Cannabis use in adolescence and young adulthood and its effects on brain structure and function: a scoping review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
- Association Between Cannabis Use and Brain Structures: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Cureus · 2024Article
- Adolescent substance use initiation and long-term neurobiological outcomes: insights, challenges and opportunities.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Review
- The Combined Effects of Nicotine and Cannabis on Cortical Thickness Estimates in Adolescents and Emerging Adults.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- UK Medical Cannabis Registry: An analysis of clinical outcomes of medicinal cannabis therapy for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2023Article
- Review
- Challenges of Treating ADHD with Comorbid Substance Use Disorder: Considerations for the Clinician.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Male-specific, replicable and functional roles of genetic variants and cerebral gray matter volumes in ADHD: a gene-wide association study across KTN1 and a region-wide functional validation across brain.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2023Article
- Protocol optimization and reducing dropout in online research.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2023Article
- Explainable machine learning analysis reveals sex and gender differences in the phenotypic and neurobiological markers of Cannabis Use Disorder.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Cannabis and Cannabinoids in Reproduction and Fertility: Where We Stand.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2022Review
- Thalamocortical functional connectivity and cannabis use in men with childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.PloS one · 2022Article
- Examining Inhibitory Affective Processing Within the Rostral Anterior Cingulate Cortex Among Abstinent Cannabis-Using Adolescents and Young Adults.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Cannabis Use and Brain Volume in Adolescent and Young Adult Cannabis Users: Effects Moderated by Sex and Aerobic Fitness.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2021Article
- Cortical Thickness Changes in Chronic Ketamine Users.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Cannabis use, cognitive performance, and symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in community adults.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBoth Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and chronic cannabis (CAN) use have been associated with brain structural abnormalities, although little is known about the effects of both in young adults.
methodsParticipants included: those with a childhood diagnosis of ADHD who were CAN users (ADHD_CAN; n=37) and non-users (NU) (ADHD_NU; n=44) and a local normative comparison group (LNCG) who did (LNCG_CAN; n=18) and did not (LNCG_NU; n=21) use CAN regularly. Multiple regressions and MANCOVAs were used to examine the independent and interactive effects of a childhood ADHD diagnosis and CAN group status and age of onset (CUO) on subcortical volumes and cortical thickness.
resultsAfter controlling for age, gender, total brain volume, nicotine use, and past-year binge drinking, childhood ADHD diagnosis did not predict brain structure; however, persistence of ADHD was associated with smaller left precentral/postcentral cortical thickness. Compared to all non-users, CAN users had decreased cortical thickness in right hemisphere superior frontal sulcus, anterior cingulate, and isthmus of cingulate gyrus regions and left hemisphere superior frontal sulcus and precentral gyrus regions. Early cannabis use age of onset (CUO) in those with ADHD predicted greater right hemisphere superior frontal and postcentral cortical thickness. DISCUSSION: Young adults with persistent ADHD demonstrated brain structure abnormalities in regions underlying motor control, working memory and inhibitory control. Further, CAN use was linked with abnormal brain structure in regions with high concentrations of cannabinoid receptors. Additional large-scale longitudinal studies are needed to clarify how substance use impacts neurodevelopment in youth with and without ADHD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.