ArticleEuropean child & adolescent psychiatry2016
Epigenetic regulation of the DRD4 gene and dimensions of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children.
Article in European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between DNA methylation and ADHD symptoms from birth to school age: a prospective meta-analysis.Translational psychiatry · 2020Pooled it
- Epigenome-wide Association Study of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in Adults.Biological psychiatry · 2019Pooled it
- Attention, cognitive control and motivation in ADHD: Linking event-related brain potentials and DNA methylation patterns in boys at early school age.Scientific reports · 2017Trial
- Comparison of DNA methylation measured in saliva and peripheral blood as a marker of exposure and outcome: a scoping review.Clinical epigenetics · 2026Article
- Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: insights, advances and challenges in research and practice.Postepy psychiatrii neurologii · 2025Review
- Epigenome-wide association study identifies neonatal DNA methylation associated with two-year attention problems in children born very preterm.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- DNA methylation is associated with prenatal exposure to sulfur dioxide and childhood attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Prevalence of Common Alleles of Some Stress Resilience Genes among Adolescents Born in Different Periods Relative to the Socioeconomic Crisis of the 1990s in Russia.Current issues in molecular biology · 2022Article
- The Role of Epigenetics in the Pathogenesis and Potential Treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.Current neuropharmacology · 2022Review
- Epigenetics and ADHD.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2022Article
- DNA Methylation inChildren (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Association of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder With Events Occurring During Pregnancy and Perinatal Period.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
- Association of Epigenetic Differences Screened in a Few Cases of Monozygotic Twins Discordant for Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder With Brain Structures.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Article
- Epigenome-wide association study of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults.Translational psychiatry · 2020Article
- Large epigenome-wide association study of childhood ADHD identifies peripheral DNA methylation associated with disease and polygenic risk burden.Translational psychiatry · 2020Article
- Epigenetic Effects on Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury Recovery (EETR): An Observational, Prospective, Longitudinal Concurrent Cohort Study Protocol.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Article
- DAT1 Gene Methylation as an Epigenetic Biomarker in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Commentary.Frontiers in genetics · 2020Article
- Genetic Signatures of Drug Response Variability inGenetics · 2019Article
- LPHN3 gene variations and susceptibility to ADHD in Chinese Han population: a two-stage case-control association study and gene-environment interactions.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2019Article
- Dopaminergic gene methylation is associated with cognitive performance in a childhood monozygotic twin study.Epigenetics · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that epigenetic regulation of the DRD4 gene may characterise specific aspects of ADHD symptomology. We tested associations between ADHD symptoms and epigenetic changes to the DRD4 gene in DNA extracted from blood and saliva in N = 330 children referred for a variety of behavioural and emotional problems. ADHD was indexed using DSM diagnoses as well as mother, father, and teacher reports. Methylation levels were assayed for the island of 18 CpG sites in the DRD4 receptor gene. A nearby SNP, rs3758653, was also genotyped as it has previously been shown to influence methylation levels. There was high consistency of methylation levels across CpG sites and tissue sources, and higher methylation levels were associated with the major allele of SNP rs3758653. Higher methylation levels were associated with more severe ADHD independent of SNP status, tissue source, ethnicity, environmental adversity, and comorbid conduct problems. The association applied specifically to the cognitive/attentional, rather than hyperactivity problems that characterise ADHD. The results indicate that epigenetic regulation of the DRD4 gene in the form of increased methylation is associated with the cognitive/attentional deficits in ADHD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.