Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26896123›Full record

ArticleOphthalmology2016

Incidence of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in a Multi-Ethnic United States Population: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Diana E Fisher, Barbara E K Klein, Tien Y Wong, Jerome I Rotter, Xiaohui Li, Sandi Shrager, Gregory L Burke, Ronald Klein, Mary Frances Cotch

Open access · hybridAbstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Ophthalmology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
44citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
5.5field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

44 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Global burden of age-related macular degeneration: Trends, regional disparities, and projections from the Global Burden of Disease study 2021.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026
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  19. Effect of statins on the age of onset of age-related macular degeneration.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2023
    Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 8 institutions in 2 countries.

Diana E FisherDivision of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, Intramural Research Program, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Electronic address: diana.fisher@nih.gov.
Barbara E K KleinOphthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
Tien Y WongOphthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.
Jerome I RotterInstitute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California.
Xiaohui LiInstitute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California.
Sandi ShragerDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
Gregory L BurkeDivision of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
Ronald KleinOphthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
Mary Frances CotchDivision of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, Intramural Research Program, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
University of Wisconsin–Madison · USHarbor–UCLA Medical Center · USNational Eye Institute · USNational Institutes of Health · USNational University of Singapore · SGThe Lundquist Institute · USUniversity of Washington · USWake Forest University · US

Funding

Institute for Clinical and Translational ResearchUL1TR001079 · NCATS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI FORD, DANIEL ERNEST · 2013 to 2017
$60.1M
UCLA Clinical and Translational Science InstituteUL1TR000124 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI DUBINETT, STEVEN M. · 2012 to 2015
$57.0M
Transgenic & Knock-out MouseP30DK063491 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Andrea L Hevener · 2003 to 2026
$40.4M
Wake Forest Clinical and Translational Science AwardUL1TR001420 · NCATS · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI ARD, JAMY D, FOLEY, KRISTIE L · 2015 to 2023
$32.3M
Clinical and Translational Science AwardUL1TR000040 · NCATS · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI GINSBERG, HENRY N · 2012 to 2015
$26.2M
Project 5: ROS, Glutathione and Vascular Response to Diesel ExhaustP50ES015915 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI KAVANAGH, TERRANCE J · 2008 to 2012
$11.8M
Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) StudyR01HL071205 · NHLBI · CEDARS-SINAI MEDICAL CENTER · PI ROTTER, JEROME I · 2003 to 2007
$10.4M
Multi-Scale Biology of Atherosclerosis in the Cellular Adhesion PathwayR01HL098077 · NHLBI · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI BIELINSKI, SUZETTE JANINE · 2010 to 2014
$2.8M
Cigarette Smoke and Susceptibility to Influenza InfectionR01HL095163 · NHLBI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI JASPERS, ILONA, NOAH, TERRY L · 2009 to 2013
$2.0M
Multi-ethnic Study Of Atherosclerosis - Vision ComponentZIAEY000403 · NEI · NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE · PI COTCH, MARY FRANCES · 2009 to 2020
$1.8M
Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis-Eye StudyR01HL069979 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON · PI KLEIN, RONALD · 2002 to 2005
$1.7M
Adjunctive Use of Apyrase to Fibrinolytic TherapyR44HL095169 · NHLBI · APT THERAPEUTICS, INC. · PI CHEN, RIDONG · 2012 to 2013
$1.3M
Intramural NIH HHS Z01 EY000403Intramural NIH HHS Z99 EY999999Intramural NIH HHS ZIA EY000403NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000040NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000124NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001079NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001420NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095159NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095160NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095161NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095162NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095163NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095164NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095165NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095166NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095167NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095168NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC095169NHLBI NIH HHS N02 HL064278NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL069979NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL071205NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL098077NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK063491NIEHS NIH HHS P50 ES015915
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo describe the incidence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and associated risk factors in 4 racial/ethnic groups (white, black, Hispanic, and Chinese) residing in the United States.

designProspective cohort study.

participantsA total of 3811 participants, aged 46 to 86 years, from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort, with retinal data collected twice, on average, 8 years apart.

methodsFundus images, taken using a digital camera through dark-adapted pupils using a standard protocol and the same equipment at both study visits, were graded centrally for early and late AMD on the basis of drusen size, type and area, increased retinal pigment, retinal pigment epithelial depigmentation, neovascular lesions, and geographic atrophy using the modified Wisconsin Age-Related Maculopathy Grading System. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory measures were included in multivariable regression models to determine their impact on the variation in AMD incidence among racial/ethnic groups.

main outcome measuresIncident early and late AMD.

resultsThe overall 8-year age- and sex-standardized incidence of early and late AMD were 4.1% and 2.3%, respectively, with incidence of early and late AMD highest in whites (5.3% and 4.1%, respectively), intermediate in Chinese (4.5% and 2.2%, respectively) and Hispanics (3.3% and 0.8%, respectively), and lowest in blacks (1.6% and 0.4%, respectively). By adjusting for age and sex, blacks had a 70% lower risk of developing early AMD than whites, and this decreased only slightly to a 67% lower risk after multivariable adjustment. By adjusting for age, sex, and race/ethnicity, hyperopia was associated with early AMD (odds ratio [OR], 1.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-2.20), as was astigmatism (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.00-2.16), but not myopia (P = 0.29). Age, race/ethnicity, current smoking, hyperopia, and AMD-susceptibility genotypes Complement Factor H (CFH) RS1061170 and Age Related Maculopathy Susceptibility 2 (ARMS2) RS3793917 were independently associated with incident early AMD in multivariable models for the combined sample. However, the only statistically significant factor consistently associated with incident early AMD across the 4 racial/ethnic groups was increasing age. Risk factors for late AMD were not assessed because of its low incidence, particularly across racial/ethnic groups.

conclusionsVariation in the incidence of early AMD exists among racial/ethnic groups in the United States and is not explained by the clinical, genetic, and environmental factors included in this study.

Indexed as

AgedAged, 80 and overAtherosclerosisCohort StudiesComplement Factor HEthnicityFemaleGeographic AtrophyHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesProteinsRisk FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesARMS2 protein, humanCFH protein, humanComplement Factor HProteins

Identifiers

PMID26896123
PMCPMC4877264
OpenAlexW2279895375

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.