Observational studyDiabetes2016
Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Type 1 Diabetes.
Observational study in Diabetes, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 97 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
97 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 204 citations in OpenAlex.
- Metabolic Benefits vs. Cardiovascular Uncertainty: A Critical Review of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Type 1 Diabetes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Comprehensive Factors for Predicting the Complications of DiabetesMellitus: A Systematic Review.Current diabetes reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in people with type 2 diabetes and prediabetes: a consensus statement jointly from the Japanese Circulation Society and the Japan Diabetes Society.Diabetology international · 2021Guideline
- Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Incident Cardiovascular Disease Events in Women vs Men With Type 1 Diabetes.JAMA network open · 2022Trial
- Serum urate and cardiovascular events in the DCCT/EDIC study.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- An Observational Study of the Equivalence of Age and Duration of Diabetes to Glycemic Control Relative to the Risk of Complications in the Combined Cohorts of the DCCT/EDIC Study.Diabetes care · 2020Trial
- Risk Factors for First and Subsequent CVD Events in Type 1 Diabetes: The DCCT/EDIC Study.Diabetes care · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Serum apolipoproteins and apolipoprotein-defined lipoprotein subclasses: a hypothesis-generating prospective study of cardiovascular events in T1D.Journal of lipid research · 2019Trial
- Association of Insulin Dose, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, and Cardiovascular Disease in Type 1 Diabetes During 30 Years of Follow-up in the DCCT/EDIC Study.Diabetes care · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Cardiovascular risk equations in type 1 diabetes: from generic models to personalized prediction.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Proteomic signatures characterized by inflammatory signaling and metabolic processes have divergent associations with 30-year incidence of coronary artery disease in type 1 diabetes: the Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications cohort.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- The role of bempedoic acid in the management of dyslipidaemia in people with diabetes: an expert opinion of Italian diabetologists.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Review
- Cardiovascular Disease and Dyslipidemia in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2026Review
- Precision cardiovascular risk prediction in type 1 diabetes: An IMI2 SOPHIA analysis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Visceral fat rating, but not glycemic variability, is strongly associated with arterial stiffness in non-obese adults with type 1 diabetes.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Red cell distribution width positively correlates with 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease among people with type 1 diabetes as assessed by the Steno Type 1 Risk Engine.Acta diabetologica · 2026Article
- Prolonging Partial Remission in Type 1 Diabetes: The Role of Low-Carbohydrate Diet: A Literature Review.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Review
- An Algorithm for Identifying Microvascular Complications in Type 1 Diabetes in the Clinical Setting: Development and External Validation.Health data science · 2026Article
37 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) are well-established in type 2 but not type 1 diabetes (T1DM). We assessed risk factors in the long-term (mean 27 years) follow-up of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) cohort with T1DM. Cox proportional hazards multivariate models assessed the association of traditional and novel risk factors, including HbA1c, with major atherosclerotic cardiovascular events (MACE) (fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction [MI] or stroke) and any-CVD (MACE plus confirmed angina, silent MI, revascularization, or congestive heart failure). Age and mean HbA1c were strongly associated with any-CVD and with MACE. For each percentage point increase in mean HbA1c, the risk for any-CVD and for MACE increased by 31 and 42%, respectively. CVD and MACE were associated with seven other conventional factors, such as blood pressure, lipids, and lack of ACE inhibitor use, but not with sex. The areas under the receiver operating characteristics curves for the association of age and HbA1c, taken together with any-CVD and for MACE, were 0.70 and 0.77, respectively, and for the final models, including all significant risk factors, were 0.75 and 0.82. Although many conventional CVD risk factors apply in T1DM, hyperglycemia is an important risk factor second only to age.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.