ArticlePlanta2016
Transgenic apple plants overexpressing the chalcone 3-hydroxylase gene of Cosmos sulphureus show increased levels of 3-hydroxyphloridzin and reduced susceptibility to apple scab and fire blight.
Article in Planta, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Biologically Active Compounds in Fruits of Cultivated Varieties and Wild Species of Apples.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens-Mediated Stable Transformation of Malus domestica (Apple) cv Fuji Raku Raku and Royal Gala.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Phenotyping, genetics, and "-omics" approaches to unravel and introgress enhanced resistance against apple scab (Horticulture research · 2024Article
- An Erwinia amylovora inducible promoter for improvement of apple fire blight resistance.Plant cell reports · 2022Article
- First purified recombinant CYP75B including transmembrane helix with unexpected high substrate specificity to (2R)-naringenin.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Article
- Molecular and Enzymatic Characterization of Flavonoid 3'-Hydroxylase ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Metabolic and Transcriptomic Profiling ofFrontiers in plant science · 2021Article
- Biosynthesis of the Dihydrochalcone Sweetener Trilobatin RequiresPlant physiology · 2020Article
- MdUGT88F1-Mediated Phloridzin Biosynthesis Regulates Apple Development andPlant physiology · 2019Article
- Article
- Metabolic engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for de novo production of dihydrochalcones with known antioxidant, antidiabetic, and sweet tasting properties.Metabolic engineering · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
MAIN
conclusionOverexpression of chalcone-3-hydroxylase provokes increased accumulation of 3-hydroxyphloridzin in Malus . Decreased flavonoid concentrations but unchanged flavonoid class composition were observed. The increased 3-hydroxyphlorizin contents correlate well with reduced susceptibility to fire blight and scab. The involvement of dihydrochalcones in the apple defence mechanism against pathogens is discussed but unknown biosynthetic steps in their formation hamper studies on their physiological relevance. The formation of 3-hydroxyphloretin is one of the gaps in the pathway. Polyphenol oxidases and cytochrome P450 dependent enzymes could be involved. Hydroxylation of phloretin in position 3 has high similarity to the B-ring hydroxylation of flavonoids catalysed by the well-known flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H). Using recombinant F3'H and chalcone 3-hydroxylase (CH3H) from Cosmos sulphureus we show that F3'H and CH3H accept phloretin to some extent but higher conversion rates are obtained with CH3H. To test whether CH3H catalyzes the hydroxylation of dihydrochalcones in planta and if this could be of physiological relevance, we created transgenic apple trees harbouring CH3H from C. sulphureus. The three transgenic lines obtained showed lower polyphenol concentrations but no shift between the main polyphenol classes dihydrochalcones, flavonols, hydroxycinnamic acids and flavan 3-ols. Increase of 3-hydroxyphloridzin within the dihydrochalcones and of epicatechin/catechin within soluble flavan 3-ols were observed. Decreased activity of dihydroflavonol 4-reductase and chalcone synthase/chalcone isomerase could partially explain the lower polyphenol concentrations. In comparison to the parent line, the transgenic CH3H-lines showed a lower disease susceptibility to fire blight and apple scab that correlated with the increased 3-hydroxyphlorizin contents.
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