ArticleGenome biology and evolution2016
Comprehensive Phylogenetic Analysis Sheds Light on the Diversity and Origin of the MLO Family of Integral Membrane Proteins.
Article in Genome biology and evolution, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 103 citations in OpenAlex.
- A symbiotic MLO gene regulates root development via RALF34-triggered Ca2+ signaling in Lotus japonicus.Plant physiology · 2026Article
- The role of MLO in powdery mildew susceptibility depends on a combination of functional specialization and subcellular localization.Plant physiology · 2026Article
- Review
- Genome-Wide Characterization Highlights Key Roles for Bread Wheat MLO Genes in Powdery Mildew and Abiotic Stresses.Rice (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Genetic mapping of Ascochyta blight resistance in an ILL6002 × Indianhead lentil mapping population.The plant genome · 2025Article
- A chromosome-scale and haplotype-resolved genome assembly of tetraploid blackberry (Horticulture research · 2025Article
- Clade V MLO Genes Are Negative Modulators of Cucumber Defence Response to Meloidogyne incognita.Molecular plant pathology · 2025Article
- Identification of Powdery Mildew Resistance-Related Genes in Butternut Squash (International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- MpMLO1 controls sperm discharge in liverwort.Nature plants · 2024Article
- Interplay of EXO70 and MLO proteins modulates trichome cell wall composition and susceptibility to powdery mildew.The Plant cell · 2024Article
- Comprehensive comparative assessment of the Arabidopsis thaliana MLO2-CALMODULIN2 interaction by various in vitro and in vivo protein-protein interaction assays.The Biochemical journal · 2023Article
- The First Genome-Wide Mildew Locus O Genes Characterization in theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Functional and evolutionary study of MLO gene family in the regulation of Sclerotinia stem rot resistance in Brassica napus L.Biotechnology for biofuels and bioproducts · 2023Article
- Article
- Comprehensive comparative assessment of thebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- RALF signaling pathway activates MLO calcium channels to maintain pollen tube integrity.Cell research · 2023Article
- A receptor-channel trio conducts CaNature · 2022Article
- MLO Proteins from Tomato (Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Evolution of the MLO gene families in octoploid strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa) and progenitor diploid species identified potential genes for strawberry powdery mildew resistance.Horticulture research · 2021Article
- The Mildew Resistance Locus O 4 Interacts with CaM/CML and Is Involved in Root Gravity Response.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mildew resistanceLocusO(MLO) proteins are polytopic integral membrane proteins that have long been considered as plant-specific and being primarily involved in plant-powdery mildew interactions. However, research in the past decade has revealed that MLO proteins diverged into a family with several clades whose members are associated with different physiological processes. We provide a largely increased dataset of MLO amino acid sequences, comprising nearly all major land plant lineages. Based on this comprehensive dataset, we defined seven phylogenetic clades and reconstructed the likely evolution of the MLO family in embryophytes. We further identified several MLO peptide motifs that are either conserved in all MLO proteins or confined to one or several clades, supporting the notion that clade-specific diversification of MLO functions is associated with particular sequence motifs. In baker's yeast, some of these motifs are functionally linked to transmembrane (TM) transport of organic molecules and ions. In addition, we attempted to define the evolutionary origin of the MLO family and found that MLO-like proteins with highly diverse membrane topologies are present in green algae, but also in the distinctly related red algae (Rhodophyta), Amoebozoa, and Chromalveolata. Finally, we discovered several instances of putative fusion events between MLO proteins and different kinds of proteins. Such Rosetta stone-type hybrid proteins might be instructive for future analysis of potential MLO functions. Our findings suggest that MLO is an ancient protein that possibly evolved in unicellular photosynthetic eukaryotes, and consolidated in land plants with a conserved topology, comprising seven TM domains and an intrinsically unstructured C-terminus.
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