ReviewCNS neuroscience & therapeutics2016
Spinal Cord Stimulation and Augmentative Control Strategies for Leg Movement after Spinal Paralysis in Humans.
Review in CNS neuroscience & therapeutics, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Activity-Dependent Transspinal Stimulation for Recovery of Walking Ability After Spinal Cord Injury
Priming With High-Frequency Trans-spinal Stimulation to Augment Locomotor Benefits in Spinal Cord Injury
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Complications of epidural spinal stimulation: lessons from the past and alternatives for the future.Spinal cord · 2020Pooled it
- Functional outcomes and participants' perspectives during short-term application of spinal stimulation in individuals with spinal cord injury.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2025Trial
- Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation combined with robotic-assisted body weight-supported treadmill training enhances motor score and gait recovery in incomplete spinal cord injury: a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Trial
- A case study of percutaneous epidural stimulation to enable motor control in two men after spinal cord injury.Nature communications · 2023Trial
- Self-Assisted Standing Enabled by Non-Invasive Spinal Stimulation after Spinal Cord Injury.Journal of neurotrauma · 2019Trial
- Trunk Stability Enabled by Noninvasive Spinal Electrical Stimulation after Spinal Cord Injury.Journal of neurotrauma · 2018Trial
- Sensor Inputs and Closed-Loop Neuromodulation in Spinal Cord Injury: From Animal Models to Clinical Translation.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Spasticity and Abnormal Tone Regulation After Spinal Cord Injury: Mechanisms and the Effects of Neuromodulation.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Hybrid 12-Month Exoskeleton Training with Percutaneous Epidural Stimulation After Spinal Cord Injury.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Biologically-constrained spiking neural network for neuromodulation in locomotor recovery after spinal cord injury.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Non-Invasive Cervical Spinal Stimulation and Respiratory Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial with a Partial Crossover Design.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Grid-based transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation: probing neuromodulatory effect in spinal flexion reflex circuits.Journal of neural engineering · 2025Article
- Role of Epidural Electrode Stimulation in Three Patients with Incomplete AIS D Spinal Cord Injury.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Transspinal stimulation preceding assisted step training reorganizes neuronal excitability and function of inhibitory networks in spinal cord injury: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Identifying spinal tracts transmitting distant effects of trans-spinal magnetic stimulation.Journal of neurophysiology · 2023Article
- Contralateral Selectivity of Upper-Limb Motor Pools via Targeted Stimulation of the Cervical Spinal Cord.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Article
- Single Lead Epidural Spinal Cord Stimulation Targeted Trunk Control and Standing in Complete Paraplegia.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Transcutaneous spinal stimulation alters cortical and subcortical activation patterns during mimicked-standing: A proof-of-concept fMRI study.Neuroimage. Reports · 2022Article
- Brain and spinal cord paired stimulation coupled with locomotor training facilitates motor output in human spinal cord injury.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Severe spinal cord injury is a devastating condition, tearing apart long white matter tracts and causing paralysis and disability of body functions below the lesion. But caudal to most injuries, the majority of neurons forming the distributed propriospinal system, the localized gray matter spinal interneuronal circuitry, and spinal motoneuron populations are spared. Epidural spinal cord stimulation can gain access to this neural circuitry. This review focuses on the capability of the human lumbar spinal cord to generate stereotyped motor output underlying standing and stepping, as well as full weight-bearing standing and rhythmic muscle activation during assisted treadmill stepping in paralyzed individuals in response to spinal cord stimulation. By enhancing the excitability state of the spinal circuitry, the stimulation can have an enabling effect upon otherwise "silent" translesional volitional motor control. Strategies for achieving functional movement in patients with severe injuries based on minimal translesional intentional control, task-specific proprioceptive feedback, and next-generation spinal cord stimulation systems will be reviewed. The role of spinal cord stimulation can go well beyond the immediate generation of motor output. With recently developed training paradigms, it can become a major rehabilitation approach in spinal cord injury for augmenting and steering trans- and sublesional plasticity for lasting therapeutic benefits.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.