ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2016
Mechanisms for the Negative Effects of Internalized HIV-Related Stigma on Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence in Women: The Mediating Roles of Social Isolation and Depression.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 148 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
148 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Systematic review and meta-analysis on the effect of depression on ART adherence among women living with HIV.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of the Impact of HIV-Related Stigma and Serostatus Disclosure on Retention in Care and Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Among Women with HIV in the United States/Canada.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2024Pooled it
- Psychometric Properties of the Berger HIV Stigma Scale: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Healthy Aging in Older Women Living with HIV Infection: a Systematic Review of Psychosocial Factors.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2017Pooled it
- The State of Adherence to HIV Care in Black Women.The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANACPooled it
- Prevalence and correlates of internalized stigma among adults with HIV and major depressive disorder in rural Malawi.AIDS care · 2023Trial
- Assessing longitudinal patterns of depressive symptoms and the influence of symptom trajectories on HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis adherence among adolescent girls in the HPTN 082 randomized controlled trial.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Trial
- A Pilot Test of Game Changers, a Social Network Intervention to Empower People with HIV to be Prevention Advocates in Uganda.AIDS and behavior · 2020Trial
- Effects of an intervention on internalized HIV-related stigma for individuals newly entering HIV care.AIDS (London, England) · 2020Trial
- Global research trends on depression-related stigma in the 21st century: a bibliometric analysis.Global health action · 2026Review
- A Scoping Review Assessing the Relationship Between Structural, Functional, and Perceived Social Support with Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in the Last Decade.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Complex dynamics between internalized HIV stigma, depression, and anxiety with panic among people with HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- A Moderated Mediation Model of HIV-Related Anticipated Stigma and Social Capital on the Relationship Between Diagnosis During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Potentially Problematic Substance Use Among Young South Africans.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2026Article
- Factors Associated with ART Adherence and Sustained Viral Suppression Among US Young Adults with HIV, 2015-2022.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Sleep Quality by Reproductive Stage Among Women Living With HIV in the United States Enrolled in the Health Outcomes Around Pregnancy and Exposure to HIV/Antiretrovirals (HOPE) Study.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2026Observational
- Factors Associated with High Internalized Stigma Among People Living with HIV in Selected Provinces in Vietnam.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- HIV Disclosure and Prevention Advocacy Partially Mediate Advocacy Training Intervention Effect on Reduced Internalized HIV Stigma.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Stigma, Food Insecurity, and Limited Social Support as Psychosocial Correlates of Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Among Pregnant Women Living With HIV: Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2026Article
- Psychosocial Factors Affecting Community Integration in Schizophrenia Patients: The Moderating Role of Perceived Policy Effectiveness.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
88 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInternalization of HIV-related stigma may inhibit a person's ability to manage HIV disease through adherence to treatment regimens. Studies, mainly with white men, have suggested an association between internalized stigma and suboptimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, there is a scarcity of research with women of different racial/ethnic backgrounds and on mediating mechanisms in the association between internalized stigma and ART adherence.
methodsThe Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) is a multicenter cohort study. Women living with HIV complete interviewer-administered questionnaires semiannually. Cross-sectional analyses for the current article included 1168 women on ART for whom data on medication adherence were available from their last study visit between April 2013 and March 2014, when the internalized stigma measure was initially introduced.
resultsThe association between internalized stigma and self-reported suboptimal ART adherence was significant for those in racial/ethnic minority groups (AOR = 0.69, P = 0.009, 95% CI: 0.52 to 0.91), but not for non-Hispanic whites (AOR = 2.15, P = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.69 to 6.73). Depressive symptoms, loneliness, and low perceived social support mediated the association between internalized stigma and suboptimal adherence in the whole sample, as well as in the subsample of minority participants. In serial mediation models, internalized stigma predicted less-perceived social support (or higher loneliness), which in turn predicted more depressive symptoms, which in turn predicted suboptimal medication adherence.
conclusionsFindings suggest that interconnected psychosocial mechanisms affect ART adherence, and that improvements in adherence may require multifaceted interventions addressing both mental health and interpersonal factors, especially for minority women.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.