ReviewTransactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene2016
Detection of lipoarabinomannan (LAM) in urine is indicative of disseminated TB with renal involvement in patients living with HIV and advanced immunodeficiency: evidence and implications.
Review in Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- FujiLAM assays for tuberculosis detection in people with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of diagnostic strategies for tuberculosis using lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assay in people living with HIV.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Rapid urine-based screening for tuberculosis in HIV-positive patients admitted to hospital in Africa (STAMP): a pragmatic, multicentre, parallel-group, double-blind, randomised controlled trial.Lancet (London, England) · 2018Trial
- Diagnosing tuberculosis in hospitalized HIV-infected individuals who cannot produce sputum: is urine lipoarabinomannan testing the answer?BMC infectious diseases · 2017Trial
- Antigen heterogeneity in the development and clinical validation of a multiplexed urine test for tuberculosis.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- The PATHFAST TB LAM Ag assay: a validated protocol for quantitative tuberculosis treatment monitoring.Frontiers in antibiotics · 2026Article
- Disseminated Tuberculosis Masquerading as Malignancy in an Immunocompetent Middle-aged Woman: A Multiorgan Imaging Case Report and Updated Review for CliniciansCurrent medical imaging · 2026Review
- A novel method for detecting Lipoarabinomannan in urine with the promise of meeting the WHO target product profile for the diagnosis of tuberculosis.Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2025Article
- Blood and urine early treatment response biomarkers in HIV-associated disseminated tuberculosis.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2025Article
- Urinary lipoarabinomannan in individuals with sputum-negative pulmonary tuberculosis.The Indian journal of medical research · 2024Article
- Collected Thoughts on Mycobacterial Lipoarabinomannan, a Cell Envelope Lipoglycan.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Diagnostic value of chemiluminescence for urinary lipoarabinomannan antigen assay in active tuberculosis: insights from a retrospective study.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Rapid urine-based screening tests increase the yield of same-day tuberculosis diagnoses among patients living with advanced HIV disease.AIDS (London, England) · 2022Article
- Towards Accurate Point-of-Care Tests for Tuberculosis in Children.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Multidimensional analysis of the host response reveals prognostic and pathogen-driven immune subtypes among adults with sepsis in Uganda.Critical care (London, England) · 2022Observational
- Article
- A Breakthrough in the Challenges of Tuberculosis Diagnosis: Lateral Flow Urine Lipoarabinomannan (LAM) Assay for the Diagnosis of Active Tuberculosis in a Subset of Human Immuno Deficiency Virus (HIV) Patients at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Hawassa, Ethiopia.International medical case reports journal · 2022Article
- Tuberculosis Phenotypic and Genotypic Drug Susceptibility Testing and Immunodiagnostics: A Review.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Fujifilm SILVAMP TB-LAM for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Nigerian Adults.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
TB is the leading cause of HIV/AIDS-related deaths globally. New diagnostic tools are urgently needed to avert deaths from undiagnosed HIV-associated TB. Although simple assays that detect lipoarabinomannan (LAM) in urine have been commercially available for years, their specific role and utility were initially misunderstood, such that they have been slower to emerge from the diagnostics pipeline than otherwise might have been expected. In this article, we review and explain how urine-LAM assays should be understood as diagnostics for disseminated TB in HIV-positive patients with advanced immunodeficiency, in whom haematogenous TB dissemination to the kidneys serves as the primary mechanism by which LAM enters the urine. These insights are critical for the appropriate design of studies to evaluate these assays and to understand how they might be most usefully implemented. This understanding also supports the 2015 WHO recommendations on the restricted use of these assays in sick HIV-positive patients with advanced immunodeficiency.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.