ReviewMetabolic brain disease2016
The rise and fall of insulin signaling in Alzheimer's disease.
Review in Metabolic brain disease, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- How does type 2 diabetes modify the risk of Alzheimer's disease?Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Review
- Central Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Treatment Enhances Working and Reference Memory by Reducing Neuroinflammation and Amyloid Beta Deposition in a Rat Model of Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Temporal and region-specific tau hyperphosphorylation in the medulla and forebrain coincides with development of functional changes in male obese Zucker rats.Journal of neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Screening for Differentially Expressed Memory Genes on a Diabetes Model Induced by High-Sugar Diet in Drosophila melanogaster: Potential Markers for Memory Deficits.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Neuroprotective effects of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor on Alzheimer's disease: a narrative review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- FAK-Mediated Signaling Controls Amyloid Beta Overload, Learning and Memory Deficits in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Metformin prevents p-tau and amyloid plaque deposition and memory impairment in diabetic mice.Experimental brain research · 2021Article
- Effects of Chronic Secondhand Smoke (SHS) Exposure on Cognitive Performance and Metabolic Pathways in the Hippocampus of Wild-Type and Human Tau Mice.Environmental health perspectives · 2021Article
- The Role of Molecular and Inflammatory Indicators in the Assessment of Cognitive Dysfunction in a Mouse Model of Diabetes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Exploring the Neuroprotective Potential of Rosiglitazone Embedded Nanocarrier System on Streptozotocin Induced Mice Model of Alzheimer's Disease.Neurotoxicity research · 2021Article
- Defining early changes in Alzheimer's disease from RNA sequencing of brain regions differentially affected by pathology.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- CCL24 Protects Renal Function by Controlling Inflammation in Podocytes.Disease markers · 2021Article
- Gene Set Index Based on Different Modules May Help Differentiate the Mechanisms of Alzheimer's Disease and Vascular Dementia.Clinical interventions in aging · 2021Article
- Protein-protein interactions underlying the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) and Alzheimer's disease.PloS one · 2020Article
- Mechanisms Associated with Type 2 Diabetes as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer-Related Pathology.Molecular neurobiology · 2019Article
- Insulin Modulates Excitatory Synaptic Transmission and Synaptic Plasticity in the Mouse Hippocampus.Neuroscience · 2019Article
- Maresin 1 Improves Cognitive Decline and Ameliorates Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2019Article
- The Involvement of Peripheral and Brain Insulin Resistance in Late Onset Alzheimer's Dementia.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2019Article
- Evidence for brain glucose dysregulation in Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2018Article
- The Implication of the Brain Insulin Receptor in Late Onset Alzheimer's Disease Dementia.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The prevalence of both diabetes and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are reaching epidemic proportions worldwide. Alarmingly, diabetes is also a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. The AD brain is characterised by the accumulation of peptides called Aβ as plaques in the neuropil and hyperphosphorylated tau protein in the form of neurofibrillary tangles within neurons. How diabetes confers risk is unknown but a simple linear relationship has been proposed whereby the hyperinsulinemia associated with type 2 diabetes leads to decreased insulin signaling in the brain, with downregulation of the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway and its inhibition of the major tau kinase, glycogen synthase kinase 3β. The earliest studies of post mortem AD brain tissue largely confirmed this cascade of events but subsequent studies have generally found either an upregulation of AKT activity, or that the relationship between insulin signaling and AD is independent of glycogen synthase kinase 3β altogether. Given the lack of success of beta-amyloid-reducing therapies in clinical trials, there is intense interest in finding alternative or adjunctive therapeutic targets for AD. Insulin signaling is a neuroprotective pathway and represents an attractive therapeutic option. However, this incredibly complex signaling pathway is not fully understood in the human brain and particularly in the context of AD. Here, we review the ups and downs of the research efforts aimed at understanding how diabetes modifies AD risk.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.