Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26880034›Full record

ArticleRetrovirology2016

Rilpivirine analogs potently inhibit drug-resistant HIV-1 mutants.

Steven J Smith, Gary T Pauly, Aamir Akram, Kevin Melody, Ganesha Rai, David J Maloney, Zandrea Ambrose, Craig J Thomas, Joel T Schneider, Stephen H Hughes

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Retrovirology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Steven J SmithHIV Drug Resistance Program, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA. smithsj2@mail.nih.gov.
Gary T PaulyChemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA. paulyg@mail.nih.gov.
Aamir AkramHIV Drug Resistance Program, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA. aamirakram19@yahoo.com.
Kevin MelodyDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. kpm20@pitt.edu.
Ganesha RaiNIH Chemical Genomics Center, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 3370, USA. bantukallug@mail.nih.gov.
David J MaloneyNIH Chemical Genomics Center, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 3370, USA. maloneyd@mail.nih.gov.
Zandrea AmbroseDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. zaa4@mail.nih.gov.
Craig J ThomasNIH Chemical Genomics Center, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 3370, USA. craigt@mail.nih.gov.
Joel T SchneiderChemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA. joel.schneider@mail.nih.gov.
Stephen H HughesHIV Drug Resistance Program, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA. hughesst@mail.nih.gov.
National Cancer Institute · USNational Center for Advancing Translational Sciences · USUniversity of Pittsburgh · USFrederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research · USNational Institutes of Health · US

Funding

Structure and Function of HIV-1 Reverse TranscriptaseZIABC010481 · NCI · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · PI HUGHES, STEPHEN H · 2009 to 2022
$15.7M
Chemical Synthesis GroupZICBC011515 · NCI · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · PI SCHNEIDER, JOEL · 2013 to 2025
$5.1M
PITT AIDS RESEARCH TRAINING PROGRAMT32AI065380 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI BARRATT-BOYES, SIMON M · 2005 to 2020
$3.2M
Origin and Evolution of HIV-1 Drug Resistance in the RT-SHIVmne Macaque ModelR01AI080290 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI AMBROSE, ZANDREA · 2010 to 2013
$1.5M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI080290NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI065380
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) are a class of antiretroviral compounds that bind in an allosteric binding pocket in HIV-1 RT, located about 10 Å from the polymerase active site. Binding of an NNRTI causes structural changes that perturb the alignment of the primer terminus and polymerase active site, preventing viral DNA synthesis. Rilpivirine (RPV) is the most recent NNRTI approved by the FDA, but like all other HIV-1 drugs, suboptimal treatment can lead to the development of resistance. To generate better compounds that could be added to the current HIV-1 drug armamentarium, we have developed several RPV analogs to combat viral variants that are resistant to the available NNRTIs.

resultsUsing a single-round infection assay, we identified several RPV analogs that potently inhibited a broad panel of NNRTI resistant mutants. Additionally, we determined that several resistant mutants selected by either RPV or Doravirine (DOR) caused only a small increase in susceptibility to the most promising RPV analogs.

conclusionsThe antiviral data suggested that there are RPV analogs that could be candidates for further development as NNRTIs, and one of the most promising compounds was modeled in the NNRTI binding pocket. This model can be used to explain why this compound is broadly effective against the panel of NNRTI resistance mutants.

Indexed as

Drug Resistance, ViralMutationAnti-HIV AgentsHIV-1HumansMicrobial Sensitivity TestsRilpivirineAnti-HIV AgentsRilpivirine

Identifiers

PMID26880034
PMCPMC4754833
OpenAlexW2286364328

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.