Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26876136›Full record

ArticleBehavioural brain research2016

Adolescent social defeat alters N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor expression and impairs fear learning in adulthood.

Andrew M Novick, Mackenzie Mears, Gina L Forster, Yanlin Lei, Shanaz M Tejani-Butt, Michael J Watt

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Behavioural brain research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Neighborhood social fragmentation in relation to impaired mismatch negativity among youth at clinical high risk for psychosis and healthy comparisons.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025
    Article
  4. Cage effects on synaptic plasticity and its modulation in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
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  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Sex Differences in Risk and Resilience: Stress Effects on the Neural Substrates of Emotion and Motivation.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2018
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Andrew M NovickCenter for Brain and Behavior Research, Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, 414 E. Clark St., Vermillion, SD 57069, USA. Electronic address: andrew_novick@brown.edu.
Mackenzie MearsCenter for Brain and Behavior Research, Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, 414 E. Clark St., Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
Gina L ForsterCenter for Brain and Behavior Research, Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, 414 E. Clark St., Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
Yanlin LeiDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, 600 S 43rd St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Shanaz M Tejani-ButtDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, 600 S 43rd St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Michael J WattCenter for Brain and Behavior Research, Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, 414 E. Clark St., Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
University of South Dakota · USUniversity of the Sciences · US

Funding

VIRAL-MEDIATED RNA INTERFERENCE IN THE ADULT RAT BRAINP20RR015567 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH DAKOTA · PI EYSTER, KATHLEEN M · 2000 to 2009
$16.3M
Promoting Research Training During Psychiatry ResidencyR25MH101076 · NIMH · BROWN UNIVERSITY · PI AUDREY TYRKA · 2013 to 2026
$2.8M
Neural Sensitivity to Stress During Drug WithdrawalR01DA019921 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH DAKOTA · PI FORSTER, GINA L · 2005 to 2015
$2.4M
Adolescent social stress, cortical dopamine and drug susceptibilityR15DA035478 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH DAKOTA · PI WATT, MICHAEL JAMES · 2014 to 2014
$423k
Monoamine mechanisms leading to stress induced alcohol abuse in Wistar Kyoto ratsR15AA015921 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF THE SCIENCES PHILADELPHIA · PI TEJANI-BUTT, SHANAZ MOHAMMEDALI · 2006 to 2006
$206k
NCRR NIH HHS NIH P20 RR015567NCRR NIH HHS P20 RR015567NIAAA NIH HHS R15 AA015921NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA019921NIDA NIH HHS R15 DA035478NIMH NIH HHS R25 MH101076PHS HHS NIAAA R15AA015921PHS HHS NIDAR15 DA035478PHS HHS NIDA RO1 DA019921
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Repeated social defeat of adolescent male rats results in adult mesocortical dopamine hypofunction, impaired working memory, and increased contextual anxiety-like behavior. Given the role of glutamate in dopamine regulation, cognition, and fear and anxiety, we investigated potential changes to N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors following adolescent social defeat. As both NMDA receptors and mesocortical dopamine are implicated in the expression and extinction of conditioned fear, a separate cohort of rats was challenged with a classical fear conditioning paradigm to investigate whether fear learning is altered by adolescent defeat. Quantitative autoradiography was used to measure 3H-MK-801 binding to NMDA receptors in regions of the medial prefrontal cortex, caudate putamen, nucleus accumbens, amygdala and hippocampus. Assessment of fear learning was achieved using an auditory fear conditioning paradigm, with freezing toward the auditory tone used as a measure of conditioned fear. Compared to controls, adolescent social defeat decreased adult NMDA receptor expression in the infralimbic region of the prefrontal cortex and central amygdala, while increasing expression in the CA3 region of the hippocampus. Previously defeated rats also displayed decreased conditioned freezing during the recall and first extinction periods, which may be related to the observed decreases and increases in NMDA receptors within the central amygdala and CA3, respectively. The alteration in NMDA receptors seen following adolescent social defeat suggests that dysfunction of glutamatergic systems, combined with mesocortical dopamine deficits, likely plays a role in the some of the long-term behavioral consequences of social stressors in adolescence seen in both preclinical and clinical studies.

Indexed as

Social BehaviorStress, PsychologicalAnalysis of VarianceAnimalsCA3 Region, HippocampalDisease Models, AnimalDizocilpine MaleateExcitatory Amino Acid AntagonistsFearFreezing Reaction, CatalepticGene Expression RegulationLearning DisabilitiesMaleProtein BindingRatsReceptors, N-Methyl-D-AspartateDizocilpine MaleateExcitatory Amino Acid AntagonistsReceptors, N-Methyl-D-AspartateTritiumAdolescenceConditioned fearNMDASocial defeatStress

Identifiers

PMID26876136
PMCPMC4795455
OpenAlexW2270185601

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.