Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26875676›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2016

Evidence of disrupted high-risk human papillomavirus DNA in morphologically normal cervices of older women.

Sarah M Leonard, Merlin Pereira, Sally Roberts, Kate Cuschieri, Gerard Nuovo, Ramanand Athavale, Lawrence Young, Raji Ganesan, Ciarán B Woodman

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
2.1field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Loss of ICOSL expression in the progression to cervical carcinoma.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Sarah M LeonardSchool of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
Merlin PereiraSchool of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
Sally RobertsSchool of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
Kate CuschieriScottish HPV Reference Laboratory, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH3 6DT, UK.
Gerard NuovoThe Ohio State University, Comprehensive Cancer Center, OH 43210, United States.
Ramanand AthavaleUniversity Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK.
Lawrence YoungWarwick Medical School, University of Warwick, CV4 8UW, UK.
Raji GanesanBirmingham Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TG, UK.
Ciarán B WoodmanSchool of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
University of Birmingham · GBBirmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust · GBEdinburgh Royal Infirmary · GBThe Ohio State University · USUniversity Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust · GBUniversity of Warwick · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) causes nearly 100% of cervical carcinoma. However, it remains unclear whether HPV can establish a latent infection, one which may be responsible for the second peak in incidence of cervical carcinoma seen in older women. Therefore, using Ventana in situ hybridisation (ISH), quantitative PCR assays and biomarkers of productive and transforming viral infection, we set out to provide the first robust estimate of the prevalence and characteristics of HPV genomes in FFPE tissue from the cervices of 99 women undergoing hysterectomy for reasons unrelated to epithelial abnormality. Our ISH assay detected HR-HPV in 42% of our study population. The majority of ISH positive samples also tested HPV16 positive using sensitive PCR based assays and were more likely to have a history of preceding cytological abnormality. Analysis of subsets of this population revealed HR-HPV to be transcriptionally inactive as there was no evidence of a productive or transforming infection. Critically, the E2 gene was always disrupted in those HPV16 positive cases which were assessed. These findings point to a reservoir of transcriptionally silent, disrupted HPV16 DNA in morphologically normal cervices, re-expression of which could explain the increase in incidence of cervical cancer observed in later life.

Indexed as

Virus LatencyAdultAgedAsymptomatic DiseasesCell Transformation, ViralCervix UteriCohort StudiesDNA-Binding ProteinsDNA, ViralFemaleFixativesFormaldehydeHuman papillomavirus 16HumansHysterectomyIn Situ HybridizationDNA-Binding ProteinsDNA, ViralE2 protein, Human papillomavirus type 16FixativesFormaldehydeOncogene Proteins, Viral

Identifiers

PMID26875676
PMCPMC4753489
OpenAlexW2441063663

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.