Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26873615›Full record

ArticleSocial psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology2016

Experience of stigma in private life of relatives of people diagnosed with schizophrenia in the Republic of Belarus.

D Krupchanka, N Kruk, J Murray, S Davey, N Bezborodovs, P Winkler, L Bukelskis, N Sartorius

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Article in Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.2field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 5 institutions in 7 countries.

D KrupchankaDepartment of Social Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health, Topolová 748, 250 67, Klecany, Czech Republic. dmitry.krupchenko@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0003-0126-5281
N KrukDepartment of Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus.
J MurrayInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
S DaveyInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
N BezborodovsChildren's Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia.
P WinklerDepartment of Social Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health, Topolová 748, 250 67, Klecany, Czech Republic.
L BukelskisFaculty of Medicine, Clinic of Psychiatry, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
N SartoriusAssociation for the Improvement of Mental Health Programmes, Geneva, Switzerland.
King's College London · GBChildren's Clinical University Hospital · LVGrodno State Medical University · BYThe Geneva Association · CHVilnius University · LT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeFamily stigma constitutes a major problem in schizophrenia worldwide. Data on first-hand experience of stigma in families is necessary for planning and implementing interventions to reduce its burden. The aim of the study was to investigate the experience of stigma among relatives of persons with schizophrenia in Belarus.

methodsQualitative research methods, such as the thematic analysis of in-depth semi-structured interviews with 20 relatives of people diagnosed with schizophrenia, were used. Experience of discrimination, strategies used to cope with it, and requests for interventions were investigated.

resultsThe most salient themes in experience of stigma in the private domain of life elicited in the narratives included anticipated stigma and dissolution of families. The experience of stigma was associated with burdensome feelings of guilt, tiredness and loneliness, together with fear and anxiety due to uncertainty in the future and sorrow because of frustrated hopes in past. Analysis of the strategies used to overcome the difficulties revealed concealment and "life behind closed doors", avoidance of the rest of the family, taking full responsibility and sacrificing one's personal life.

conclusionTo reduce the burden of stigma in the private life of the family members of people living with schizophrenia in Belarus, important steps should be taken to promote the empowerment of families including: reforming mental health services; provision of better access to information; family support services, community care; development of family organisations; assistance in communication, re-socialisation and independent living for people diagnosed with schizophrenia.

Indexed as

Developing CountriesSchizophrenic PsychologySocial StigmaAdaptation, PsychologicalAdultCaregiversCost of IllnessFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrejudiceQualitative ResearchRepublic of BelarusSchizophreniaSocial IsolationCourtesy stigmaFamily studiesQualitative approach

Identifiers

PMID26873615
OpenAlexW2253213479

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.