ReviewThe lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology2016
Pathophysiology and management of cardiovascular disease in patients with HIV.
Review in The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV and cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review and comparative risk assessment study.BMJ global health · 2026Pooled it
- Statin Therapy as Primary Prevention for Persons With HIV: A Synopsis of Recommendations From the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Antiretroviral Treatment Guidelines Panel.Annals of internal medicine · 2025Guideline
- Higher cardiovascular disease risks in people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of global health · 2024Pooled it
- Prevalence and risk factors of cardiovascular disease among people living with HIV in the Asia-Pacific region: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2023Pooled it
- A Meta-Analysis of Different Types of Cardiac Adipose Tissue in HIV Patients.BioMed research international · 2020Pooled it
- Win Ratio Aligns With and Enhances Interpretation of REPRIEVE's Primary Findings.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Trial
- Intensive Lowering of LDL Cholesterol Levels With Evolocumab in Autoimmune or Inflammatory Diseases: An Analysis of the FOURIER Trial.Circulation · 2025Trial
- Association between HIV infection and arterial stiffness: A population-based cross-sectional study from Rakai, South Western Uganda.Atherosclerosis plus · 2026Article
- Predictors of cardiovascular disease among people living with HIV in northern Nigeria.Research square · 2026Article
- IFN-γ and IL-17A Exhibit Opposing Roles in Age-Related Blood Pressure Dysregulation.International journal of hypertension · 2026Article
- Article
- Optimizing sedation in elderly patients: advantages and challenges of alfentanil-ciprofol for painless gastroscopy.American journal of translational research · 2026Review
- Immediate and delayed switches to tenofovir DF-containing, ainuovirine-based antiretroviral regimen: the SPRINT extensional study.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Predictive Model for the Detection of Subclinical Atherosclerosis in HIV Patients on Antiretroviral Treatment.Current HIV research · 2025Observational
- HIV and Inflamm-Aging: How Do We Reach the Summit of Healthy Aging?Topics in antiviral medicine · 2024Review
- Transgender Women With Suppressed Testosterone Display Lower Burden of Coronary Disease Than Matched Cisgender Men.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2024Article
- Review of Evolocumab for the Reduction of LDL Cholesterol and Secondary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
- Plasma Lipidomic Profiles in cART-Treated Adolescents with Perinatally Acquired HIV Compared to Matched Controls.Viruses · 2024Article
- Predictors of subclinical atherosclerosis in HIV.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Prevalence and risk factors for subclinical atherosclerosis amongst adults living with HIV in University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Results from several studies have suggested that people with HIV have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, especially coronary heart disease, compared with people not infected with HIV. People living with HIV have an increased prevalence of traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors, and HIV-specific mechanisms such as immune activation. Although older, more metabolically harmful antiretroviral regimens probably contributed to the risk of cardiovascular disease, new data suggest that early and continuous use of modern regimens, which might have fewer metabolic effects, minimises the risk of myocardial infarction by maintaining viral suppression and decreasing immune activation. Even with antiretroviral therapy, however, immune activation persists in people with HIV and could contribute to accelerated atherosclerosis, especially of coronary lesions that are susceptible to rupture. Therefore, treatments that safely reduce inflammation in people with HIV could provide additional cardiovascular protection alongside treatment of both traditional and non-traditional risk factors.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.