Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26873045›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2016

A qualitative process evaluation of training for non-physician clinicians/associate clinicians (NPCs/ACs) in emergency maternal, neonatal care and clinical leadership, impact on clinical services improvements in rural Tanzania: the ETATMBA project.

David R Ellard, Aloisia Shemdoe, Festo Mazuguni, Godfrey Mbaruku, David Davies, Paul Kihaile, Senga Pemba, Staffan Bergström, Angelo Nyamtema, Hamed-Mahfoudh Mohamed and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

David R EllardWarwick Clinical Trials Unit, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, The University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
Aloisia ShemdoeIfakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Festo MazuguniIfakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Godfrey MbarukuIfakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
David DaviesEducational Development & Research Team, Warwick Medical School, The University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
Paul KihaileIfakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Senga PembaTanzanian Training Centre for International Health, Ifakara, Tanzania.
Staffan BergströmDepartment of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Angelo NyamtemaTanzanian Training Centre for International Health, Ifakara, Tanzania.
Hamed-Mahfoudh MohamedIfakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Joseph Paul O'HareDivision of Metabolic & Vascular Health, Warwick Medical School, The University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
ETATMBA Study Group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThe Enhancing Human Resources and Use of Appropriate Training for Maternal and Perinatal Survival in sub-Saharan Africa (ETATMBA) project is training non-physician clinicians as advanced clinical leaders in emergency maternal and newborn care in Tanzania and Malawi. The main aims of this process evaluation were to explore the implementation of the programme of training in Tanzania, how it was received, how or if the training has been implemented into practice and the challenges faced along the way.

designQualitative interviews with trainees, trainers, district officers and others exploring the application of the training into practice.

participantsDuring late 2010 and 2011, 36 trainees including 19 assistant medical officers one senior clinical officer and 16 nurse midwives/nurses (anaesthesia) were recruited from districts across rural Tanzania and invited to join the ETATMBA training programme.

resultsTrainees (n=36) completed the training returning to 17 facilities, two left and one died shortly after training. Of the remaining trainees, 27 were interviewed at their health facility. Training was well received and knowledge and skills were increased. There were a number of challenges faced by trainees, not least that their new skills could not be practised because the facilities they returned to were not upgraded. Nonetheless, there is evidence that the training is having an effect locally on health outcomes, like maternal and neonatal mortality, and the trainees are sharing their new knowledge and skills with others.

conclusionsThe outcome of this evaluation is encouraging but highlights that there are many ongoing challenges relating to infrastructure (including appropriate facilities, electricity and water) and the availability of basic supplies and drugs. This cadre of workers is a dedicated and valuable resource that can make a difference, which with better support could make a greater contribution to healthcare in the country.

Indexed as

Infant MortalityMaternal DeathAllied Health PersonnelCommunity Health NursingHumansInfantInterviews as TopicLeadershipMidwiferyPerinatal CarePhysician AssistantsProgram EvaluationRural HealthTanzania

Identifiers

PMID26873045
PMCPMC4762120

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