SynthesisPloS one2016
Mid- to Long-Term Outcomes of Cervical Disc Arthroplasty versus Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion for Treatment of Symptomatic Cervical Disc Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Eight Prospective Randomized Controlled Trials.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04550923 (Comparison of Rigid and Non-Rigid Interbody Fusion Device for Cervical Degenerative Disc Disease in Adults - A Randomized, Prospective, Multicenter Clinical Trial), which is not on this map. Cited by 50 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Comparison of Rigid and Non-Rigid Interbody Fusion Device for Cervical Degenerative Disc Disease in Adults - A Randomized, Prospective, Multicenter Clinical Trial
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 123 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Meta-Analysis of Cost-Effectiveness in Cervical Degenerative Disc Disease Treated With Cervical Disc Arthroplasty Versus Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion.Orthopaedic surgery · 2026Pooled it
- Randomized controlled trials comparing cervical disc arthroplasty and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion outcomes in degenerative spine disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neurosurgery. Spine · 2025Pooled it
- Quality assessment of systematic reviews of surgical treatment of cervical spine degenerative diseases: an overview.Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2022Pooled it
- Total disc replacement compared with fusion for cervical degenerative disc disease: A systematic review of overlapping meta-analyses.Medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Long-term Results Comparing Cervical Disc Arthroplasty to Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Orthopaedic surgery · 2020Pooled it
- ProDisc-C versus anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for the surgical treatment of symptomatic cervical disc disease: two-year outcomes of Asian prospective randomized controlled multicentre study.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2022Trial
- The Norwegian Cervical Arthroplasty Trial (NORCAT): 2-year clinical outcome after single-level cervical arthroplasty versus fusion-a prospective, single-blinded, randomized, controlled multicenter study.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2017Trial
- Trial
- Is there a difference in early postoperative adjacent segment angles following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion compared to cervical disc replacement?European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- Long-Term Comparative Outcomes of ACDF, Cervical Disc Arthroplasty, and Posterior Cervical Foraminotomy for Single-Level Cervical Radiculopathy: A Propensity-Matched Analysis.Global spine journal · 2026Article
- Single-level cervical disc arthroplasty is associated with higher early subsequent surgery rates and similar adjacent segment disease rates compared with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion.Journal of spine surgery (Hong Kong) · 2026Article
- Early Cases of Single-Level Cervical Total Disc Replacement in Japan-Short-Term Safety Assessment Using Registry Data.Spine surgery and related research · 2025Article
- Review
- Cervical Disc Arthroplasties Fail to Maintain Physiological Kinematics Under Lateral Eccentric Loads.Global spine journal · 2025Article
- In vivo cervical vertebrae kinematic studies based on dual fluoroscopic imaging system measurement: A narrative review.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Comparative effectiveness and functional outcome of C3 & C7 dome-hybrid open-door laminoplasty with traditional unilateral open-door laminoplasty for cervical spondylotic myelopathy.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2024Article
- Relative Efficacy of Cervical Total Disc Arthroplasty Devices and Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion for Cervical Pathology: A Network Meta-Analysis.Global spine journal · 2024Review
- Perioperative outcomes of cervical disc arthroplasty: no difference between orthopaedic and neurologic surgeons.Journal of spine surgery (Hong Kong) · 2023Article
- Risk factors for failure to achieve minimal clinically important difference following cervical disc replacement.The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThis study aimed to investigate the mid- to long-term outcomes of cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) versus anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) for the treatment of 1-level or 2-level symptomatic cervical disc disease.
methodsMedline, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched to identify relevant randomized controlled trials that reported mid- to long-term outcomes (at least 48 months) of CDA versus ACDF. All data were analyzed by Review Manager 5.3 software. The relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for dichotomous variables. The weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95%CIs were calculated for continuous variables. A random effect model was used for heterogeneous data; otherwise, a fixed effect model was used.
resultsEight prospective randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were retrieved in this meta-analysis, including 1317 and 1051 patients in CDA and ACDF groups, respectively. Patients after an ACDF had a significantly lower rate of follow-up than that after CDA. Pooled analysis showed patients in CDA group achieved significantly higher rates of overall success, Neck Disability Index (NDI) success, neurological success and significantly lower rates of implant/surgery-related serious adverse events and secondary procedure compared with that in ACDF group. The long-term functional outcomes (NDI, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) neck and arm pain scores, the Short Form 36 Health Survey physical component score (SF-36 PCS)), patient satisfaction and recommendation, and the incidence of superior adjacent segment degeneration also favored patients in CDA group with statistical difference. Regarding inferior adjacent segment degeneration, patients in CDA group had a lower rate without statistical significance.
conclusionsThis meta-analysis showed that cervical disc arthroplasty was superior over anterior discectomy and fusion for the treatment of symptomatic cervical disc disease in terms of overall success, NDI success, neurological success, implant/surgery-related serious adverse events, secondary procedure, functional outcomes, patient satisfaction and recommendation, and superior adjacent segment degeneration.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.