ArticlePloS one2016
Increased Frequency of T Follicular Helper Cells and Elevated Interleukin-27 Plasma Levels in Patients with Pemphigus.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06863454 (Trichoscopy as a Monitoring Tool for Activity and Remission in Pemphigus Vulgaris), which is not on this map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Trichoscopy as a Monitoring Tool for Activity and Remission in Pemphigus Vulgaris: A Clinical Study Supported by Immunological Evaluation.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Modifications of the Transcriptomic Profile of Autoreactive B Cells From Pemphigus Patients After Treatment With Rituximab or a Standard Corticosteroid Regimen.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Trial
- Rituximab remodels the circulating immune landscape in pemphigus vulgaris revealed by high-dimensional immune profiling.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2026Article
- Autoimmune bullous diseases: pathogenesis and clinical management.Molecular biomedicine · 2025Review
- Crosstalk Between Keratinocytes and T Cells in Ulcerative Oral Mucosal Diseases: Mechanisms of Epithelial Dysfunction and Therapeutic Perspectives.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Review
- JAK-STAT pathway, type I/II cytokines, and new potential therapeutic strategy for autoimmune bullous diseases: update on pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Th Pathways in Immune-Mediated Skin Disorders: A Guide for Strategic Treatment Decisions.Immune network · 2024Review
- Cytokine profiling reveals HLA-linked Th2 and Th17 driven immune activation in pemphigus vulgaris patients and genetically susceptible healthy controls.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Healthy individuals genetically at-risk for the development of Pemphigus vulgaris or Alopecia areata share disease-like cytokine dysregulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Biologics targeting IL-17 sharply reduce circulating T follicular helper and T peripheral helper cell sub-populations in psoriasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Cut-off values for IL-21 and IL-23 as biochemical markers for pemphigus vulgaris.Journal of medicine and life · 2023Article
- Mouse models of pemphigus: valuable tools to investigate pathomechanisms and novel therapeutic interventions.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Pemphigus Vulgaris: Present and Future Therapeutic Strategies.Dermatology practical & conceptual · 2022Review
- Detection of rare autoreactive T cell subsets in patients with pemphigus vulgaris.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- New developments implicating IL-21 in autoimmune disease.Journal of autoimmunity · 2021Review
- Decreased Serum Levels of Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-21 in New Pemphigus Vulgaris Patients, but Not Chronic Patients With Inactive Disease Compared to Healthy Controls.Dermatology practical & conceptual · 2021Article
- Autoimmune Pemphigus: Latest Advances and Emerging Therapies.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2021Review
- Helper T Cells in Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Gene Expression Analysis in Four Dogs With Canine Pemphigus Clinical Subtypes Reveals B Cell Signatures and Immune Activation Pathways Similar to Human Disease.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
- Review
- Case Report: Apremilast for Therapy-Resistant Pemphigus Vulgaris.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pemphigus is an autoimmune disease in which IgG auto-antibodies (auto-ab) against the desmosomal cadherins desmoglein (Dsg) 3 and Dsg1 cause loss of epidermal keratinocyte adhesion. Aim of this study was to investigate cytokines derived from antigen-presenting cells (APC) and their relation to CD4+ T cell subpopulations and to the auto-ab response in pemphigus. In this regard, patients with pemphigus were compared to patients with myasthenia gravis (MG), an unrelated auto-ab-mediated autoimmune disease, and healthy controls. In pemphigus and MG, the plasma concentrations of the APC-derived immunomodulatory cytokine IL-27 were highly increased. Strikingly, IL-27 strongly correlated with Dsg-specific IgG auto-ab titers. T helper (Th) 17 cells were augmented in both pemphigus and MG patients while T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, which are essential in providing B cell help, were increased only in pemphigus along with increasing plasma concentrations of IL-21, a cytokine produced by Th17 and Tfh cells. Moreover, we could detect Dsg3-specific autoreactive T cells producing IL-21 upon ex vivo stimulation with Dsg3. These findings suggest that IL-27 and IL-21-producing T cells, are involved in the pathogenesis of pemphigus. The further characterization of IL-21-producing T cells and of the role of IL-27 will lead to a more defined understanding of the auto-ab response in pemphigus.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.