Observational studyPloS one2016
Bacteremia in Children Hospitalized with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection.
Observational study in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Investigations for Bronchiolitis in Infants: An Overview of Reviews and Systematic Review of Primary Studies.Pediatric pulmonology · 2026Pooled it
- Overview of the immunomodulatory role of bacterial probiotic-derived peptidoglycan: from molecular insights to therapeutic application.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Prevalence and risk factors of concurrent bacteremia in children under 5 years of age hospitalized with viral lower respiratory tract infections.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025Article
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Risk Profile in Hospitalized Infants and Comparison with Influenza and COVID-19 Controls in Valladolid, Spain, 2010-2022.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2024Article
- Bacterium-like Particles fromVaccines · 2024Article
- Procalcitonin and Presepsin as Markers of Infectious Respiratory Diseases in Children: A Scoping Review of the Literature.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Relationship between molecular pathogen detection and clinical disease in febrile children across Europe: a multicentre, prospective observational study.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2023Article
- The Ability of Postimmunobiotics fromMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Risk factors and incidence of invasive bacterial infection in severe bronchiolitis: the RICOIB prospective study.BMC pediatrics · 2022Article
- Epidemiology and Outcomes of Bacterial Coinfection in Hospitalized Children With Respiratory Viral Infections: A Single Center Retrospective Chart Review.The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG · 2022Article
- Sepsis and Cerebral Dysfunction: BBB Damage, Neuroinflammation, Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis and Autophagy as Key Mediators and the Potential Therapeutic Approaches.Neurotoxicity research · 2021Review
- Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with clinically diagnosed bacterial co-infection: A multi-center study.PloS one · 2021Article
- Importance of respiratory syncytial virus as a predictor of hospital length of stay in bronchiolitis.F1000Research · 2021Article
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection: Its Propensity for Bacterial Coinfection and Related Mortality in Elderly Adults.Open forum infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Article
- The Ability of Respiratory Commensal Bacteria to Beneficially Modulate the Lung Innate Immune Response Is a Strain Dependent Characteristic.Microorganisms · 2020Article
- Vitamin D Induces Differential Effects on Inflammatory Responses During Bacterial and/or Viral Stimulation of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Healthcare resource use and economic burden attributable to respiratory syncytial virus in the United States: a claims database analysis.BMC health services research · 2018Article
- Effect of antibiotic use for acute bronchiolitis on new-onset asthma in children.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Viral Sepsis in Children.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe risk of bacteremia is considered low in children with acute bronchiolitis. However the rate of occult bacteremia in infants with RSV infection is not well established. The aim was to determine the actual rate and predictive factors of bacteremia in children admitted to hospital due to confirmed RSV acute respiratory illness (ARI), using both conventional culture and molecular techniques.
methodsA prospective multicenter study (GENDRES-network) was conducted between 2011-2013 in children under the age of two admitted to hospital because of an ARI. Among those RSV-positive, bacterial presence in blood was assessed using PCR for Meningococcus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus, in addition to conventional cultures.
results66 children with positive RSV respiratory illness were included. In 10.6% patients, bacterial presence was detected: H. influenzae (n = 4) and S. pneumoniae (n = 2). In those patients with bacteremia, there was a previous suspicion of bacterial superinfection and had received empirical antibiotic treatment 6 out of 7 (85.7%) patients. There were significant differences in terms of severity between children with positive bacterial PCR and those with negative results: PICU admission (100% vs. 50%, P-value = 0.015); respiratory support necessity (100% vs. 18.6%, P-value < 0.001); Wood-Downes score (mean = 8.7 vs. 4.8 points, P-value < 0.001); GENVIP scale (mean = 17 vs. 10.1, P-value < 0.001); and length of hospitalization (mean = 12.1 vs. 7.5 days, P-value = 0.007).
conclusionBacteremia is not frequent in infants hospitalized with RSV respiratory infection, however, it should be considered in the most severe cases.
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