Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26871994›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2016

Adipose Tissue Hypoxia, Inflammation, and Fibrosis in Obese Insulin-Sensitive and Obese Insulin-Resistant Subjects.

Helen M Lawler, Chantal M Underkofler, Philip A Kern, Christopher Erickson, Brooke Bredbeck, Neda Rasouli

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04998500 (Growth Hormone as a Model for Reversible Activation of Adipose Tissue Fibrosis), which is not on this map. Cited by 103 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
103citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
11.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04998500 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

Growth Hormone as a Model for Reversible Activation of Adipose Tissue Fibrosis

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of AarhusRan2021 to 2023Enrolled10ConditionsFibrosisArmsGrowth hormone, saline and GH receptor blockade (Pegvisomant)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

103 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 163 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2023
    Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Observational
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Is Adipose Tissue Inflammation the Culprit of Obesity-Associated Comorbidities?Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2025
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review

43 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Helen M LawlerDivision of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes (H.M.L., C.M.U., C.E., B.B., N.R.), University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045; University of Kentucky and the Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center (P.A.K.), Lexington, Kentucky 40536; and Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Health Care System (N.R.), Denver, Colorado 80262.
Chantal M UnderkoflerDivision of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes (H.M.L., C.M.U., C.E., B.B., N.R.), University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045; University of Kentucky and the Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center (P.A.K.), Lexington, Kentucky 40536; and Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Health Care System (N.R.), Denver, Colorado 80262.
Philip A KernDivision of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes (H.M.L., C.M.U., C.E., B.B., N.R.), University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045; University of Kentucky and the Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center (P.A.K.), Lexington, Kentucky 40536; and Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Health Care System (N.R.), Denver, Colorado 80262.
Christopher EricksonDivision of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes (H.M.L., C.M.U., C.E., B.B., N.R.), University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045; University of Kentucky and the Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center (P.A.K.), Lexington, Kentucky 40536; and Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Health Care System (N.R.), Denver, Colorado 80262.
Brooke BredbeckDivision of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes (H.M.L., C.M.U., C.E., B.B., N.R.), University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045; University of Kentucky and the Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center (P.A.K.), Lexington, Kentucky 40536; and Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Health Care System (N.R.), Denver, Colorado 80262.
Neda RasouliDivision of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes (H.M.L., C.M.U., C.E., B.B., N.R.), University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045; University of Kentucky and the Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center (P.A.K.), Lexington, Kentucky 40536; and Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Health Care System (N.R.), Denver, Colorado 80262.
University of Colorado Denver · USUniversity of Kentucky · USVA Eastern Colorado Health Care System · US

Funding

Colorado Clinical and Translational Sciences InstituteUL1TR001082 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI SOKOL, RONALD J. · 2013 to 2017
$48.0M
CTSA INFRASTRUCTURE FOR PEDIATRIC RESEARCHUL1RR029884 · NCRR · UNIV OF ARKANSAS FOR MED SCIS · PI LOWERY, CURTIS L · 2009 to 2011
$11.4M
Mechanisms Underlying Metabolic Syndrome in ObesityR01DK071349 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY · PI KERN, PHILIP A, PETERSON, CHARLOTTE A. · 2005 to 2013
$2.3M
Effects of Fish Oil on Inflammation and Metabolic SyndromeR01DK080327 · NIDDK · UNIV OF ARKANSAS FOR MED SCIS · PI KERN, PHILIP A · 2008 to 2012
$1.7M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001082NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR029884NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK071349NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK080327
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

contextA substantial number of obese individuals are relatively insulin sensitive and the etiology for this variation remains unknown.

objectiveThe primary objective was to detect factors in adipose tissue differentiating obese insulin-sensitive (OBIS) from obese insulin-resistant (OBIR) individuals and investigate whether adipose tissue hypoxia is a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. DESIGN AND

settingThis was a cross-sectional study in the general community.

participantsSubjects consisted of nondiabetic OBIS and OBIR subjects with similar body mass index, age, and total body fat but different insulin sensitivity index as well as lean insulin-sensitive subjects. INTERVENTIONS(S): There were no interventions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): We examined adipocytokines and the expression of candidate genes regulating hypoxia, inflammation, and lipogenesis in adipose tissue and adipose tissue oxygenation.

resultsOBIS subjects had increased plasma adiponectin but similar plasma TNFα and leptin levels as compared with OBIR subjects. Genes regulating inflammation (CD68, MCP1, scavenger receptor A, and oxidized LDL receptor 1) were increased by 40%–60% (P < .05) in OBIR vs OBIS cohorts. In addition, genes involved in extracellular matrix formation such as collagen VI and MMP7 were up-regulated by 43% and 78% (P < .05), respectively, in OBIR vs OBIS. The expression of HIF1α and VEGF gene expression was increased by 37% and 52%, respectively, in OBIR vs OBIS (P < .01). Despite the differential expression in hypoxia-related genes, adipose tissue oxygenation measured by a Licox oxygen probe was not different between OBIS and OBIR subjects, but it was higher in lean subjects as compared with obese subjects.

conclusionsWe confirmed that adipose tissue inflammation and fibrosis play an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance independent of obesity in humans. Whether hypoxia is simply a consequence of adipose tissue expansion or is related to the pathogenesis of obesity-induced insulin resistance is yet to be understood.

Indexed as

Insulin ResistanceAdipose TissueAdultCohort StudiesFemaleFibrosisHumansHypoglycemic AgentsHypoxiaInflammationInsulinMaleMiddle AgedObesityYoung AdultHypoglycemic AgentsInsulin

Identifiers

PMID26871994
PMCPMC4880157
OpenAlexW2254355725

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.