Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26869163›Full record

ReviewEye (London, England)2016

Central retinal vein occlusion: modifying current treatment protocols.

M Ashraf, A A R Souka, R P Singh

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Eye (London, England), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
6.1field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Effectiveness and cytokine profile of combined anti-vascular endothelial growth factor and corticosteroid therapy for chronic retinal vein occlusion.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025
    Observational
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. An allosteric peptide inhibitor of HIF-1α regulates hypoxia-induced retinal neovascularization.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. The CD40-ATP-P2XFrontiers in immunology · 2019
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Oncotarget · 2017
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

M AshrafOphthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
A A R SoukaOphthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
R P SinghCole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Alexandria University · EGCleveland Eye Clinic · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is a common retinal vascular disorder that can result in severe visual acuity loss. The randomized control study, CRUISE, helped establish anti-VEGFs as the standard of care in cases with CRVO. The extension studies for CRUISE; HORIZON and RETAIN showed that not all visual gains are maintained beyond the first year. In addition, patients showed different behavior patterns; with some patients showing complete response with few recurrences, whereas others showed partial or even no response with multiple recurrences. Long-term follow-up demonstrated that patients responding poorly to anti-VEGFs tended to do so early in the course of treatment. It also demonstrated the effectiveness of a pro re nata (PRN) protocol for improving vision and maintaining these gains over long-term follow-ups. The SHORE study further illustrated this point by demonstrating that there were minimal differences in visual outcomes between patients receiving monthly injections and patients being treated PRN. In this review we analyzed the data from the major randomized clinical trials (RCT) that looked at anti-VEGFs as the primary treatment modality in patients with CRVO (CRUISE and the extension studies HORIZON and RETAIN for ranibizumab as well as GALILEO and COPERNICUS for aflibercept). In addition, we looked at SCORE and GENEVA to help determine whether there is a place for steroids as a first line therapy in current treatment practice. We then explored alternative treatment regimens such as laser therapy and switching between anti-VEGF agents and/or steroids for non or partially responding patients. Finally, we propose a simplified modified treatment algorithm for patients with CRVO for better long-term outcomes in all types of responders.

Indexed as

AlgorithmsAngiogenesis InhibitorsBevacizumabGlucocorticoidsHumansIntravitreal InjectionsRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRanibizumabReceptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth FactorRecombinant Fusion ProteinsRetinal Vein OcclusionVascular Endothelial Growth Factor AVisual AcuityafliberceptAngiogenesis InhibitorsBevacizumabGlucocorticoidsRanibizumabReceptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth FactorRecombinant Fusion ProteinsVascular Endothelial Growth Factor AVEGFA protein, human

Identifiers

PMID26869163
PMCPMC5108548
OpenAlexW2336674493

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.