ArticleMalaria journal2016
Effectiveness of malaria control interventions in Madagascar: a nationwide case-control survey.
Article in Malaria journal, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of indoor residual spraying on malaria control: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2022Pooled it
- Understanding inequities in the malaria landscape of Madagascar: a scoping review of current evidence.Malaria journal · 2026Review
- Cost of the national malaria control program and cost-effectiveness of indoor residual spraying and insecticide-treated bed net interventions in two districts of Madagascar.Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E · 2024Article
- Family, social and cultural determinants of long-lasting insecticidal net (LLIN) use in Madagascar: secondary analysis of three qualitative studies focused on children aged 5-15 years.Malaria journal · 2021Article
- Variation in Anopheles distribution and predictors of malaria infection risk across regions of Madagascar.Malaria journal · 2020Article
- The relationship between facility-based malaria test positivity rate and community-based parasite prevalence.PloS one · 2020Article
- Evaluating Effectiveness of Mass and Continuous Long-lasting Insecticidal Net Distributions Over Time in Madagascar: A Sentinel Surveillance Based Epidemiological Study.EClinicalMedicine · 2018Article
- Determinants of malaria infection in Dembia district, Northwest Ethiopia: a case-control study.BMC public health · 2018Article
- Insecticide resistance status of three malaria vectors, Anopheles gambiae (s.l.), An. funestus and An. mascarensis, from the south, central and east coasts of Madagascar.Parasites & vectors · 2017Article
- Genetic evidence that the Makira region in northeastern Madagascar is a hotspot of malaria transmission.Malaria journal · 2016Article
- A national health facility survey of malaria infection among febrile patients in Kenya, 2014.Malaria journal · 2016Article
- Susceptibility status of Anopheles arabiensis (Diptera: Culicidae) commonly used as biological materials for evaluations of malaria vector control tools in Madagascar.Malaria journal · 2016Article
- Post-deployment effectiveness of malaria control interventions on Plasmodium infections in Madagascar: a comprehensive phase IV assessment.Malaria journal · 2016Article
- First evaluation of bendiocarb in experimental huts using different substrates in Madagascar.Malaria journal · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMadagascar, as other malaria endemic countries, depends mainly on international funding for the implementation of malaria control interventions (MCI). As these funds no longer increase, policy makers need to know whether these MCI actually provide the expected protection. This study aimed at measuring the effectiveness of MCI deployed in all transmission patterns of Madagascar in 2012-2013 against the occurrence of clinical malaria cases.
methodsFrom September 2012 to August 2013, patients consulting for non-complicated malaria in 31 sentinel health centres (SHC) were asked to answer a short questionnaire about long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) use, indoor residual spraying (IRS) in the household and intermittent preventive treatment of pregnant women (IPTp) intake. Controls were healthy all-ages individuals sampled from a concurrent cross-sectional survey conducted in areas surrounding the SHC. Cases and controls were retained in the database if they were resident of the same communes. The association between Plasmodium infection and exposure to MCI was calculated by multivariate multilevel models, and the protective effectiveness (PE) of an intervention was defined as 1 minus the odds ratio of this association.
resultsData about 841 cases (out of 6760 cases observed in SHC) and 8284 controls was collected. The regular use of LLIN provided a significant 51 % PE (95 % CI [16-71]) in multivariate analysis, excluding in one transmission pattern where PE was -11 % (95 % CI [-251 to 65]) in univariate analysis. The PE of IRS was 51 % (95 % CI [31-65]), and the PE of exposure to both regular use of LLIN and IRS was 72 % (95 % CI [28-89]) in multivariate analyses. Vector control interventions avoided yearly over 100,000 clinical cases of malaria in Madagascar. The maternal PE of IPTp was 73 %.
conclusionsIn Madagascar, LLIN and IRS had good PE against clinical malaria. These results may apply to other countries with similar transmission profiles, but such case-control surveys could be recommended to identify local failures in the effectiveness of MCI.
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