ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2016
Improved pregnancy outcomes with increasing antiretroviral coverage in South Africa.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of maternal HIV infection on birth outcomes among HIV positive women in Sub Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Adverse perinatal outcomes associated with antiretroviral therapy in women living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Complications associated with adolescent childbearing in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2018Pooled it
- Safety of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate-Based Antiretroviral Therapy Regimens in Pregnancy for HIV-Infected Women and Their Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2017Pooled it
- Brain Structure of South African Children Born to Mothers on Dolutegravir Versus Efavirenz-Based Antiretroviral Therapy.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2026Trial
- Pregnancy Outcomes of Women Conceiving on Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Compared to Those Commenced on ART During Pregnancy.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Trial
- An Incentive-Based and Community Health Worker Package Intervention to Improve Early Utilization of Antenatal Care: Evidence from a Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial.Maternal and child health journal · 2019Trial
- Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Among Women Who Conceive on Antiretroviral Therapy.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Trial
- Association between infant feeding practices and infant growth by maternal HIV and antiretroviral therapy status: a prospective study in Cape Town, South Africa.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- The association between maternal HIV and stillbirths in an Era of universal ART access in pregnancy in the Western Cape, South Africa, 2017 - 2021.Journal of gynecology obstetrics and human reproduction · 2026Article
- Two Decades of Change: Evolving Maternal Characteristics and Perinatal Outcomes in Pregnant Women Living with HIV.Viruses · 2025Article
- Adverse birth outcome research case definitions associated with maternal HIV and antiretroviral drug use in pregnancy: a scoping review.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
- The timing of antenatal care access for adolescent pregnancies in Cape Town, South Africa.African journal of primary health care & family medicine · 2024Article
- Adverse perinatal outcomes attributable to HIV in sub-Saharan Africa from 1990 to 2020: Systematic review and meta-analyses.Communications medicine · 2023Article
- Three-year outcomes for women newly initiated on lifelong antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy - Malawi option B.AIDS research and therapy · 2023Article
- Demonstration and Acceptability of a Safer Conception Intervention for Men With HIV in South Africa: Pilot Cohort Study.JMIR formative research · 2022Article
- Dynamics of the infant gut microbiota in the first 18 months of life: the impact of maternal HIV infection and breastfeeding.Microbiome · 2022Article
- Lower birth weight-for-age and length-for-age z-scores in infants with in-utero HIV and ART exposure: a prospective study in Cape Town, South Africa.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2021Article
- Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes Among Women on Antiretroviral Therapy: A Long-term Retrospective Analysis of Data from a Major Tertiary Hospital in North Central Nigeria.International journal of MCH and AIDS · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundUniversal multi drug antiretroviral treatment in pregnancy is a global priority in our bid to eliminate paediatric HIV infections although few studies have documented the impact of antiretroviral coverage on overall pregnancy outcomes.
methodsWe conducted a maternity audit at a large regional hospital in South Africa during July-December 2011 and January-June 2014 with an aim to determine an association between pregnancy outcomes and the ARV treatment guidelines implemented during those specific periods. During 2011, women received either Zidovudine/sd Nevirapine or Stavudine/Lamivudine/Nevirapine if CD4+ count was < 350 cells/ml. During 2014, all HIV positive pregnant women were eligible for a fixed dose combination (FDC) of triple ARVs (Tenofovir/Emtracitabine/Efavirenz).
resultsIn 2011, 622 (35.9%) of 1732 HIV positive pregnant women received triple antiretrovirals (D4T/3TC/NVP) and in 2014, 2104 (94.8%) of 2219 HIV positive pregnant women received the fixed dose combination (TDF/FTC/EFV). We observed a reduction in the proportion of unregistered pregnancies, caesarean delivery rate, still birth rate, very low birth weight rate, and very premature delivery rate in 2014. In a bivariate analysis of all 9,847 deliveries, unregistered pregnancies (2.2%) and HIV infection (37.8%) remained significant risk factors for SB(OR 6.36 and 1.43 respectively), PTD(OR 4.23 and 1.26 respectively),LBW (OR 4.07 and 1.26 respectively) and SGA(OR 2.17 and 1.151 respectively). In a multivariable analysis of HIV positive women only, having received AZT/NVP or D4T/3TC/NVP or EFV/TDF/FTC as opposed to not receiving any ARV was significantly associated with reduced odds of a SB (OR 0.08, 0.21 and 0.18 respectively), PTD (OR 0.52, 0.68 and 0.56 respectively) and LBW(0.37, 0.61 and 0.52 respectively).
conclusionAn improvement in birth outcomes is likely associated with the increased coverage of triple antiretroviral treatment for pregnant women. And untreated HIV infected women and women who do not seek antenatal care should be considered most at risk for poor birth outcomes.
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