ArticleCell host & microbe2016
Dysregulated Type I Interferon and Inflammatory Monocyte-Macrophage Responses Cause Lethal Pneumonia in SARS-CoV-Infected Mice.
Article in Cell host & microbe, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 1,006 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Randomized Open Controlled Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Effectiveness of a Eucaloric Ketogenic Nutrition in Comparison With a Standard Nutrition in Covid-19 Disease in Reducing Cytokine Storm Syndrome and ARDS
Neuromodulation With Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Field Stimulation for Adults With COVID-19
Effect of Collagen-Polyvinylpyrrolidone for the Treatment of Hyperinflammation and the Pulmonary Fibrosis in COVID-19 Patients. Double Blind Placebo-controlled Pilot Trial
Who cites it
1,006 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,493 citations in OpenAlex.
- Therapeutic Potential of Stem Cells in the Treatment and Management of Immunomodulatory Disorders.Current pharmaceutical design · 2026Pooled it
- Gut distress and interventionFrontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Effect of inhaled interferon-β1a on SARS-CoV-2 diversity and evolution.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Trial
- Therapeutic plasma exchange accelerates immune cell recovery in severe COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Trial
- Heterogeneity of treatment effect of interferon-β1b and lopinavir-ritonavir in patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome by cytokine levels.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Interferon-λ inhibits immunopathology and boosts T cell-mediated immunity in a mouse model of mucosal viral infection.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Systems genetics analysis reveals immune mediators of coronavirus disease severity in mice.Genetics · 2026Article
- Extracellular matrix proteoglycans lumican and biglycan promote innate immune signals and viral clearance in HSV-1 infections of mouse corneas.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Type I IFN dynamics orchestrate protective ICAM1iScience · 2026Article
- Temporal Rewiring of Innate Immunity by Vector-Borne Viruses for Host-Directed Antiviral Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Interferon-Mediated Regulation of Memory B Cell Identity and Function.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Minor differences in the untranslated regions of measles vector additional transcription units are reflected by differential immunogenicity of encoded MERS-CoV Spike antigen.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Macrophage Immune Responses in Viral Infections: Functional Plasticity and Therapeutic Targeting.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Maternal Infection Induces Neuronal Structure and Behavioural Alterations in Experimental Meningitis Rat Model.Developmental neuroscience · 2026Article
- Protective coinfection: influenza reprograms myeloid cells to limit CD8 T cell-mediated malaria pathology.Research square · 2026Article
- CD4 T-cell platform for delivering interferons as an antiviral countermeasure with a focus on SARS-CoV-2.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Cross-coronavirus host susceptibility loci influence disease severity through immune mediators.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Influenza B virus suppression of Chromosome Y-linked genes increases pulmonary virus replication and disease severity in male mice.Research square · 2026Article
- Trends in Antithrombotic Therapy Initiation Among Patients With Stroke Pre- and Post-COVID-19 in Sweden-An Interrupted Time Series Study.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2026Article
- Lysine-11 ubiquitination drives type-I/III interferon induction by cGAS-STING and Toll-like receptors 3 and 4.Nature cell biology · 2026Article
946 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Highly pathogenic human respiratory coronaviruses cause acute lethal disease characterized by exuberant inflammatory responses and lung damage. However, the factors leading to lung pathology are not well understood. Using mice infected with SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome)-CoV, we show that robust virus replication accompanied by delayed type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling orchestrates inflammatory responses and lung immunopathology with diminished survival. IFN-I remains detectable until after virus titers peak, but early IFN-I administration ameliorates immunopathology. This delayed IFN-I signaling promotes the accumulation of pathogenic inflammatory monocyte-macrophages (IMMs), resulting in elevated lung cytokine/chemokine levels, vascular leakage, and impaired virus-specific T cell responses. Genetic ablation of the IFN-αβ receptor (IFNAR) or IMM depletion protects mice from lethal infection, without affecting viral load. These results demonstrate that IFN-I and IMM promote lethal SARS-CoV infection and identify IFN-I and IMMs as potential therapeutic targets in patients infected with pathogenic coronavirus and perhaps other respiratory viruses.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.