ArticlePediatric research2016
Iron is prioritized to red blood cells over the brain in phlebotomized anemic newborn lambs.
Article in Pediatric research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- Iron Deficiency and Iron Homeostasis in Low Birth Weight Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2019Pooled it
- Iron in breastfed infants and behavior at 3 years: a randomized trial.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Infant formula iron fortification of 2 vs. 8 mg/L does not increase the risk of iron deficiency or impact neurodevelopment at 12 months.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2026Trial
- Enteral Iron Supplementation in Infants Born Extremely Preterm and its Positive Correlation with Neurodevelopment; Post Hoc Analysis of the Preterm Erythropoietin Neuroprotection Trial Randomized Controlled Trial.The Journal of pediatrics · 2021Trial
- Hepcidin is a relevant iron status indicator in infancy: results from a randomized trial of early vs. delayed cord clamping.Pediatric research · 2021Trial
- Effect of High-Dose Erythropoietin on Blood Transfusions in Extremely Low Gestational Age Neonates: Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA pediatrics · 2020Trial
- Effects of iron supplementation of low-birth-weight infants on cognition and behavior at 7 years: a randomized controlled trial.Pediatric research · 2018Trial
- Novel Erythroid Indices Have Better Prognostic Accuracy than Conventional Erythroid Indices for Early Diagnosis of Iron Deficiency and Associated Brain Metabolomic Changes in Nonhuman Primate Infants.The Journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Article
- Human brain R2* transitions across birth from the womb to early infancy.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Maternal Prenatal Psychological Stress and Iron Levels in the Fetal Brain.Developmental psychobiology · 2025Article
- Iron Deficiency Without Anemia and Reduced Basal Ganglia Iron Content in Youths.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- The transfusion of prematures early school age follow-up (TOP 5): protocol for a longitudinal cohort study.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Article
- Iron Deficiency and Internalizing Symptoms Among Adolescents in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Vitamin C inactivates c-Jun N-terminal kinase to stabilize heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 1 (Hand1) in regulating placentation and maintenance of pregnancy.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Article
- Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction in Perinatal Iron Deficiency.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Prognostic Performance of Hematological and Serum Iron and Metabolite Indices for Detection of Early Iron Deficiency Induced Metabolic Brain Dysfunction in Infant Rhesus Monkeys.The Journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Influence of nutritional supplements on antibody levels in pregnant women vaccinated with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.PloS one · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCritically ill preterm and term neonates are at high risk for negative iron balance due to phlebotomy that occurs with frequent laboratory monitoring, and the high iron demand of rapid growth. Understanding the prioritization of iron between red blood cells (RBCs) and brain is important given iron's role in neurodevelopment.
methodsTen neonatal twin lamb pairs (n = 20) underwent regular phlebotomy for 11 d. Lambs were randomized to receive no iron or i.v. daily iron supplementation from 1 to 5 mg/kg. Serum hemoglobin concentration and reticulocyte count were assayed, iron balance calculated, and iron content of RBCs, liver, brain, muscle, and heart measured at autopsy.
resultsAmong phlebotomized lambs: (i) liver iron concentration was directly related to net iron balance (r = 0.87; P < 0.001) and (ii) brain iron concentration was reduced as a function of net iron balance (r = 0.63) only after liver iron was depleted. In animals with negative iron balance, total RBC iron was maintained while brain iron concentration decreased as a percentage of the iron present in RBCs (r = -0.70; P < 0.01) and as a function of reticulocyte count (r = -0.63; P < 0.05).
conclusionPhlebotomy-induced negative iron balance limits iron availability to the developing brain.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.