ArticleGenes and immunity2016
The killer immunoglobulin-like receptor KIR3DL1 in combination with HLA-Bw4 is protective against multiple sclerosis in African Americans.
Article in Genes and immunity, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Roles of Uterine Natural Killer (NK) Cells and KIR/HLA-C Combination in the Development of Preeclampsia: A Systematic Review.BioMed research international · 2020Pooled it
- Analysis of whole exome sequencing in severe mental illness hints at selection of brain development and immune related genes.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- High Resolution Haplotype Analyses of Classical HLA Genes in Families With Multiple Sclerosis Highlights the Role of HLA-DP Alleles in Disease Susceptibility.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- Demyelinating disorders in women: epidemiology, immunology, and clinical implications across MS, NMOSD, and MOGAD.Journal of neurology · 2026Review
- The Role of Killer Ig-like Receptors in Diseases from A to Z.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Is the Development of Ascites in Alcoholic Liver Patients Influenced by Specific KIR/HLA Gene Profiles?Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Innate receptors modulating adaptive T cell responses: KIR-HLA interactions and T cell-mediated control of chronic viral infections.Immunogenetics · 2023Review
- Article
- Immunogenomics of Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor (KIR) and HLA Class I: Coevolution and Consequences for Human Health.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2022Article
- Allele imputation for the killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor KIR3DL1/S1.PLoS computational biology · 2022Article
- Contribution of HLA and KIR Alleles to Systemic Sclerosis Susceptibility and Immunological and Clinical Disease Subtypes.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- Article
- High-Resolution Characterization ofFrontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- An immunogenetic view of COVID-19.Genetics and molecular biology · 2021Article
- Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptor Variants Are Associated with Protection from Symptoms Associated with More Severe Course in Parkinson Disease.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2020Article
- Variations in killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor and human leukocyte antigen genes and immunity to malaria.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2020Review
- KIR2DL4-HLAG interaction at human NK cell-oligodendrocyte interfaces regulates IFN-γ-mediated effects.Molecular immunology · 2019Article
- KIR3DL1/S1 Allotypes Contribute Differentially to the Development of Behçet Disease.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2019Article
- High resolution HLA analysis reveals independent class I haplotypes and amino-acid motifs protective for multiple sclerosis.Genes and immunity · 2019Article
- Autoantibodies to killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 3DL1 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
We investigated the role of the KIR loci and their HLA class I ligands in a large cohort of African American multiple sclerosis (MS) patients (N=907) and controls (N=1456). No significant differences in carrier frequencies for any KIR locus or haplotype were observed between cases and controls. However, examination of KIR in the context of their cognate HLA ligands revealed a strong protective effect for KIR3DL1 in combination with HLA-A and -B alleles bearing the Bw4 motif (P=10(-8); odds ratio (OR)=0.60, confidence interval (CI)=0.50-0.71) and the Bw4 ligand alone (P<10(-6); OR=0.63, CI=0.53-0.75). The observed effect cannot be explained by either a specific HLA-B allele or by linkage disequilibrium with HLA-DRB1 or HLA-A. The protective effect was observed only in individuals who were not positive for the MS risk allele HLA-DRB1*15:01 (P<10(-6); OR=0.61, CI=0.51-0.74). Our study, the first investigation of KIR and MS in African Americans, confirms and refines previous findings in a European cohort.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.