ArticleAmerican journal of epidemiology2016
Sex-Based Differences in Rates, Causes, and Predictors of Death Among Injection Drug Users in Vancouver, Canada.
Article in American journal of epidemiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- All-cause and cause-specific mortality among people with regular or problematic cocaine use: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2021Pooled it
- Mortality among people with regular or problematic use of amphetamines: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2019Pooled it
- Factors associated with suicide in people who use drugs: a scoping review.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
- Gender and the first-time provision of injection initiation assistance among people who inject drugs across two distinct North American contexts: Tijuana, Mexico and Vancouver, Canada.Drug and alcohol review · 2022Article
- Multiple Victimizations and Overdose Among Women With a History of Illicit Drug Use.Journal of interpersonal violence · 2022Article
- A cohort study revealed high mortality among people who inject drugs in Hai Phong, Vietnam.Journal of clinical epidemiology · 2021Article
- Drugs, discipline and death: Causes and predictors of mortality among people who inject drugs in Tijuana, 2011-2018.The International journal on drug policy · 2020Article
- Article
- Supervised injection facility use and all-cause mortality among people who inject drugs in Vancouver, Canada: A cohort study.PLoS medicine · 2019Article
- Observational
- Factors Associated with Mood Disorder Diagnosis Among a Population Based Cohort of Men and Women Living With and Without HIV in British Columbia Between 1998 and 2012.AIDS and behavior · 2018Article
- Incidence and predictors of mental health disorder diagnoses among people who inject drugs in a Canadian setting.Drug and alcohol review · 2018Article
- Prevalence of Heavy Alcohol Use Among People Receiving Methadone Following Change to Methadose.Substance use & misuse · 2018Article
- Increasing availability of benzodiazepines among people who inject drugs in a Canadian setting.Substance abuse · 2018Article
- Declining Mortality Rates in HIV-Infected People Who Inject Drugs During a Seek-and-Treat Initiative in Vancouver, Canada, 1996-2014: A Prospective Cohort Study.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2017Article
- Alcohol Use among Persons on Methadone Treatment.Addictive disorders & their treatment · 2017Article
- Declining rates of health problems associated with crack smoking during the expansion of crack pipe distribution in Vancouver, Canada.BMC public health · 2017Article
- Reducing rates of preventable HIV/AIDS-associated mortality among people living with HIV who inject drugs.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2016Review
- Associations and Trends in Cause-Specific Rates of Death Among Persons Reported with HIV Infection, 23 U.S. Jurisdictions, Through 2011.The open AIDS journal · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In the present study, we sought to identify rates, causes, and predictors of death among male and female injection drug users (IDUs) in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, during a period of expanded public health interventions. Data from prospective cohorts of IDUs in Vancouver were linked to the provincial database of vital statistics to ascertain rates and causes of death between 1996 and 2011. Mortality rates were analyzed using Poisson regression and indirect standardization. Predictors of mortality were identified using multivariable Cox regression models stratified by sex. Among the 2,317 participants, 794 (34.3%) of whom were women, there were 483 deaths during follow-up, with a rate of 32.1 (95% confidence interval (CI): 29.3, 35.0) deaths per 1,000 person-years. Standardized mortality ratios were 7.28 (95% CI: 6.50, 8.14) for men and 15.56 (95% CI: 13.31, 18.07) for women. During the study period, mortality rates related to infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) declined among men but remained stable among women. In multivariable analyses, HIV seropositivity was independently associated with mortality in both sexes (all P < 0.05). The excess mortality burden among IDUs in our cohorts was primarily attributable to HIV infection; compared with men, women remained at higher risk of HIV-related mortality, indicating a need for sex-specific interventions to reduce mortality among female IDUs in this setting.
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