Observational studyEuropean journal of clinical pharmacology2016
Time course, outcome and management of adverse drug reactions associated with metformin from patient's perspective: a prospective, observational cohort study in the Netherlands.
Observational study in European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gastrointestinal adverse events of metformin treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis with meta-regression of observational studies.BMC endocrine disorders · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of Resveratrol on Metabolic Indicators in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of clinical practice · 2022Pooled it
- Intensive Monitoring Studies for Assessing Medicines: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in medicine · 2019Pooled it
- Metformin use on the risks of depression and anxiety in people with type 2 diabetes.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Metformin use in prediabetes: A review of evidence and a focus on metabolic features among peri-menopausal women.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Review
- Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Interaction of Metformin and Ojeok-san in Healthy Volunteers.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Article
- Metformin efficacy and tolerance according to genetic polymorphisms of organic cation transporter 1 in Tunisian patients with type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Rethinking about Metformin: Promising Potentials.Korean journal of family medicine · 2024Article
- View on Metformin: Antidiabetic and Pleiotropic Effects, Pharmacokinetics, Side Effects, and Sex-Related Differences.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Effects of plateau hypoxia on population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of metformin in patients with Type 2 diabetes.Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- A Sex- and Gender-Based Analysis of Adverse Drug Reactions: A Scoping Review of Pharmacovigilance Databases.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Budget Impact Analysis of Metformin Sustained Release for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes in The Netherlands.PharmacoEconomics - open · 2020Article
- Sex Differences in Adverse Drug Reactions of Metformin: A Longitudinal Survey Study.Drug safety · 2020Article
- Adverse drug event patterns experienced by patients with diabetes: A diary study in primary care.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2019Article
- Patient-Reported Safety Information: A Renaissance of Pharmacovigilance?Drug safety · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe aim of this study was to gather information about frequency, latency time, outcome and management of frequently occurring adverse drug reactions (ADRs) related to the use of metformin in daily practice.
methodsA prospective, observational cohort study was performed. A total of 2490 first-time metformin users were recruited through pharmacies in the Netherlands between February 1, 2008, and April 1, 2012. Patients were invited to complete six web-based questionnaires at 2-week, 6-week, 3-month, 6-month, 9-month and 12-month intervals after starting treatment with metformin. Information was gathered about patient characteristics, ADRs and drug use.
resultsThe occurrence of at least one possible ADR related to the use of metformin was reported by 34.5 % of the patients. A higher proportion of females reported the occurrence of an ADR (39.6 %) compared to the proportion in males (30.9 %). Some patients (11.4 %) stopped using metformin within 1 year after start. More than half of the patients (50.8 %) undertook no action regarding metformin after the occurrence of ADRs. A high number of patients (77.7 %) recovered or were still recovering from ADRs despite continuation of metformin. Most ADRs occurred shortly after the beginning of the treatment, with a median latency time of 1-6 days. The study revealed some ADR-specific differences in occurrence rate, latency time, management and outcome.
conclusionThis study successfully obtained information about frequency, latency time, outcome and management of frequently occurring ADRs related to the use of metformin in daily practise.
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