ArticleEnvironmental health : a global access science source2016
Risk estimates of mortality attributed to low concentrations of ambient fine particulate matter in the Canadian community health survey cohort.
Article in Environmental health : a global access science source, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 90 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
90 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 208 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mortality and Morbidity Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Low-Level PMResearch report (Health Effects Institute) · 2021Pooled it
- Long-Term PMJournal of the American Heart Association · 2021Pooled it
- The relationship between exposure to particulate matter and breast cancer incidence and mortality: A meta-analysis.Medicine · 2019Pooled it
- Characteristics of cohort studies of long-term exposure to PMEnvironmental science and pollution research international · 2019Pooled it
- Health Economic Assessment of PMInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Air pollution and respiratory outcomes in COPD above and below current environmental protection agency standards.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2026Article
- Premature mortality and years of life lost attributable to ambient air pollution in Israel, compared to Europe: analysis and implications.Israel journal of health policy research · 2026Article
- Confounding mechanisms and adjustment strategies in air pollution epidemiology: a case study assessment with the UK Biobank cohort.International journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Causal Concentration-Response Modeling with Continuous Curves and Exposure Error Correction:Environmental health perspectives · 2025Article
- Ambient fine particulate matter and mortality risk among people with disability in Korea based on the National Health Insurance database: a retrospective cohort study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Overexposed and Understudied: Environmental Risks Among Older Adults Experiencing Homelessness in Phoenix, Arizona.GeoHealth · 2025Article
- Subnational Evidence for the Attributable Burden of Respiratory Infections in China's Population under 20: Challenges from Particulate Matter Pollution.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- Long-term Associations Between Time-varying Exposure to Ambient PM 2.5 and Mortality: An Analysis of the UK Biobank.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Association between fine particulate matter (PMEnvironmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2024Article
- The Impact of Air Pollution on Cardiovascular Health Outcomes in African Populations: A Scoping Review.JACC. Advances · 2024Article
- Estimating Model-Based Marginal Societal Health Benefits of Air Pollution Emission Reductions in the United States and Canada.Research report (Health Effects Institute) · 2024Article
- Assessing Adverse Health Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Low Levels of Ambient Air Pollution: The HEI Experience and What's Next?Environmental science & technology · 2024Review
- Exploring spatial heterogeneity in synergistic effects of compound climate hazards: Extreme heat and wildfire smoke on cardiorespiratory hospitalizations in California.Science advances · 2024Article
- Mortality burden attributable to exceptional PMHeliyon · 2024Article
- Effect of PM2.5 on burden of mortality from non-communicable diseases in northern Thailand.PeerJ · 2024Article
30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundUnderstanding the shape of the relationship between long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations and health risks is critical for health impact and risk assessment. Studies evaluating the health risks of exposure to low concentrations of PM2.5 are limited. Further, many existing studies lack individual-level information on potentially important behavioural confounding factors.
methodsA prospective cohort study was conducted among a subset of participants in a cohort that linked respondents of the Canadian Community Health Survey to mortality (n = 299,500) with satellite-derived ambient PM2.5 estimates. Participants enrolled between 2000 and 2008 were followed to date of death or December 31, 2011. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality attributed to PM2.5 exposure, adjusted for individual-level and contextual covariates, including smoking behaviour and body mass index (BMI).
resultsApproximately 26,300 non-accidental deaths, of which 32.5 % were due to circulatory disease and 9.1 % were due to respiratory disease, occurred during the follow-up period. Ambient PM2.5 exposures were relatively low (mean = 6.3 μg/m(3)), yet each 10 μg/m(3) increase in exposure was associated with increased risks of non-accidental (HR = 1.26; 95 % CI: 1.19-1.34), circulatory disease (HR = 1.19; 95 % CI: 1.07-1.31), and respiratory disease mortality (HR = 1.52; 95 % CI: 1.26-1.84) in fully adjusted models. Higher hazard ratios were observed for respiratory mortality among respondents who never smoked (HR = 1.97; 95 % CI: 1.24-3.13 vs. HR = 1.45; 95 % CI: 1.17-1.79 for ever smokers), and among obese (BMI ≥ 30) respondents (HR = 1.76; 95 % CI: 1.15-2.69 vs. HR = 1.41; 95 % CI: 1.04-1.91 for normal weight respondents), though differences between groups were not statistically significant. A threshold analysis for non-accidental mortality estimated a threshold concentration of 0 μg/m(3) (+95 % CI = 4.5 μg/m(3)).
conclusionsIncreased risks of non-accidental, circulatory, and respiratory mortality were observed even at very low concentrations of ambient PM2.5. HRs were generally greater than most literature values, and adjusting for behavioural covariates served to reduce HR estimates slightly.
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