Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26863145›Full record

ArticlePloS one2016

Cost-Analysis of Seven Nosocomial Outbreaks in an Academic Hospital.

Jan-Willem H Dik, Ariane G Dinkelacker, Pepijn Vemer, Jerome R Lo-Ten-Foe, Mariëtte Lokate, Bhanu Sinha, Alex W Friedrich, Maarten J Postma

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Costs of two vancomycin-resistant enterococci outbreaks in an academic hospital.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2023
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Observational
  7. Journal of infection prevention · 2018
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jan-Willem H DikDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Ariane G DinkelackerDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Pepijn VemerDepartment of Pharmacy, Unit of PharmacoEpidemiology & PharmacoEconomics, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Jerome R Lo-Ten-FoeDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Mariëtte LokateDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Bhanu SinhaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Alex W FriedrichDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Maarten J PostmaDepartment of Pharmacy, Unit of PharmacoEpidemiology & PharmacoEconomics, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesNosocomial outbreaks, especially with (multi-)resistant microorganisms, are a major problem for health care institutions. They can cause morbidity and mortality for patients and controlling these costs substantial amounts of funds and resources. However, how much is unclear. This study sets out to provide a comparable overview of the costs of multiple outbreaks in a single academic hospital in the Netherlands.

methodsBased on interviews with the involved staff, multiple databases and stored records from the Infection Prevention Division all actions undertaken, extra staff employment, use of resources, bed-occupancy rates, and other miscellaneous cost drivers during different outbreaks were scored and quantified into Euros. This led to total costs per outbreak and an estimated average cost per positive patient per outbreak day.

resultsSeven outbreaks that occurred between 2012 and 2014 in the hospital were evaluated. Total costs for the hospital ranged between €10,778 and €356,754. Costs per positive patient per outbreak day, ranged between €10 and €1,369 (95% CI: €49-€1,042), with a mean of €546 and a median of €519. Majority of the costs (50%) were made because of closed beds.

conclusionsThis analysis is the first to give a comparable overview of various outbreaks, caused by different microorganisms, in the same hospital and all analyzed with the same method. It shows a large variation within the average costs due to different factors (e.g. closure of wards, type of ward). All outbreaks however cost considerable amounts of efforts and money (up to €356,754), including missed revenue and control measures.

Indexed as

Economics, HospitalAcademic Medical CentersAdultAgedBacterial InfectionsCosts and Cost AnalysisCross InfectionDisease OutbreaksFemaleHealth Care CostsHospital CostsHospitalsHumansInfantInfant, NewbornInfection Control

Identifiers

PMID26863145
PMCPMC4749280

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.