Trial reportProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2016
Circadian misalignment increases cardiovascular disease risk factors in humans.
Trial report in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05413486 (Circadian Disturbances in People With Mental Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 410 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Circadian Disturbances in People With Mental Disease
Who cites it
410 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 649 citations in OpenAlex.
- Challenges and Recommendations for Integrating Circadian Medicine in Critical Care: A Roadmap.Chest · 2026Guideline
- Long-term night shift work and cardiometabolic health in healthcare workers: a review of mechanisms and precision intervention strategies.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Exercise interventions for sleep and cognitive dysfunction in shift workers: a systematic review of randomized trials.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Chronotype-aligned exercise timing in middle-aged adults at cardiometabolic risk: a randomised controlled trial.Open heart · 2026Trial
- Daytime eating during simulated night work mitigates changes in cardiovascular risk factors: secondary analyses of a randomized controlled trial.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Acute night shift work is associated with increased blood pressure and reduced sleep duration in healthy adults.Physiological reports · 2025Trial
- Resetting of the Human Circadian Melatonin Rhythm by Ambient Hypoxia.Journal of pineal research · 2025Trial
- Improving sleep health in paramedics through an app-based intervention: a randomised waitlist control pilot trial.BMC public health · 2024Trial
- Cumulative trauma, neural circuits, and burnout: an integrative model of healthcare worker post-traumatic stress syndromes.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Review
- BMAL1 in cardiovascular diseases: Molecular mechanisms, circadian regulation and translational perspectives (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Molecular and Cellular Underpinnings of Primary Hypertension: An Integrative Mechanistic Framework.Journal of cellular physiology · 2026Review
- Exposure to Dim Light at Night Impairs Photoperiodic and Metabolic Gene Expression in Syrian Hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus).Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Ecological and integrative physiology · 2026Article
- Time-varying eating behaviors and long-term risk of incident hypertension in a Japanese cohort.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Article
- The nutritional and metabolic impact of night shift work in a real-world setting.Npj biological timing and sleep · 2026Article
- Single-cell transcriptomics reveals cell-type-specific circadian rhythms and their disruption by acute misalignment in mouse aorta.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Rotating Night Shift Work and Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality by Chronotype: A Prospective Cohort Study in Nurses' Health Study II.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Circadian and behavioral timing in MASLD: a systematic review of human observational studies.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Social jet lag is associated with incident cardiovascular disease independent of sleep duration and cardiac genetic risk.Journal of internal medicine · 2026Article
- Longitudinal digital phenotyping of activity rhythms and biological aging using commercial wearables.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Temporal distribution of recorded intensive care unit deaths across the 24-hour cycle: a 15-year retrospective hospital-based study.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Observational
350 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Shift work is a risk factor for hypertension, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease. This increased risk cannot be fully explained by classic risk factors. One of the key features of shift workers is that their behavioral and environmental cycles are typically misaligned relative to their endogenous circadian system. However, there is little information on the impact of acute circadian misalignment on cardiovascular disease risk in humans. Here we show-by using two 8-d laboratory protocols-that short-term circadian misalignment (12-h inverted behavioral and environmental cycles for three days) adversely affects cardiovascular risk factors in healthy adults. Circadian misalignment increased 24-h systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by 3.0 mmHg and 1.5 mmHg, respectively. These results were primarily explained by an increase in blood pressure during sleep opportunities (SBP, +5.6 mmHg; DBP, +1.9 mmHg) and, to a lesser extent, by raised blood pressure during wake periods (SBP, +1.6 mmHg; DBP, +1.4 mmHg). Circadian misalignment decreased wake cardiac vagal modulation by 8-15%, as determined by heart rate variability analysis, and decreased 24-h urinary epinephrine excretion rate by 7%, without a significant effect on 24-h urinary norepinephrine excretion rate. Circadian misalignment increased 24-h serum interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, resistin, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels by 3-29%. We demonstrate that circadian misalignment per se increases blood pressure and inflammatory markers. Our findings may help explain why shift work increases hypertension, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease risk.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.