ArticleInternational journal of clinical oncology2016
Prognostic significance of NADPH oxidase-4 as an indicator of reactive oxygen species stress in human retinoblastoma.
Article in International journal of clinical oncology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic Value of NOX4 Expression in Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Disease markers · 2022Pooled it
- Adjuvant Chemotherapy Improves Survival for Children With Massive Choroidal Invasion of Retinoblastoma.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Article
- Oxidative Stress and the Role of NADPH Oxidase in Glaucoma.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- NADPH oxidase-induced oxidative stress in the eyes of hypertensive rats.Molecular vision · 2021Article
- Update on pathology of retinoblastoma.International journal of ophthalmology · 2018Review
- The Janus-Faced Role of Antioxidants in Cancer Cachexia: New Insights on the Established Concepts.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundReactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to enhance the proliferation of cancer cells. NADPH oxidases (NOX4) are a major intracellular source of ROS and are found to be associated with cancer and tumor cell invasion. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the expression of NOX4 protein in human retinoblastoma.
methodsImmunohistochemical expression of NOX4 protein was analyzed in 109 specimens from prospective cases of retinoblastoma and then correlated with clinicopathological parameters and patient survival. Western blotting confirmed and validated the immunoreactivity of NOX4 protein.
resultsIn our study we found a male preponderance (55.9 %), and 25/109 (22.9 %) were bilateral. Massive choroidal invasion was the histopathological high-risk factor (HRF) most frequently observed, in 42.2 % of the cases. NOX4 protein was expressed in 67.88 % (74/109) of primary retinoblastoma cases and was confirmed by Western blotting. NOX4 was statistically significant with massive choroidal invasion and pathological TNM staging. There was a statistically significant difference in overall survival in patients with NOX4 expression (p = 0.0461).
conclusionThis is the first study to show the expression of NOX4 protein in retinoblastoma tumors. Hence, a retinoblastoma tumor may exhibit greater ROS stress. This protein may prove to be useful as a future therapeutic target for improving the management of retinoblastoma.
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