Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26855710›Full record

ReviewJournal of clinical and experimental dentistry2016

Antimicrobial effects of Citrus sinensis peel extracts against dental caries bacteria: An in vitro study.

Sapna B Shetty, Prabu Mahin-Syed-Ismail, Shaji Varghese, Bibin Thomas-George, Pathinettam Kandathil-Thajuraj, Deepak Baby, Shaista Haleem, Sreeja Sreedhar, Darshan Devang-Divakar

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of clinical and experimental dentistry, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed
9.1field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 122 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Antibacterial activity of orange peel extractOpen veterinary journal · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Anticariogenic effect of herbal extracts and other commercial products againstJournal of conservative dentistry and endodontics · 2025
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Aromatic Plants as Potential Resources to Combat Osteoarthritis.Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening · 2024
    Review
  14. Antimicrobial Activity ofMedicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023
    Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Phytochemical Screening and In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Selected Medicinal Plants againstAdvances in pharmacological and pharmaceutical sciences · 2022
    Article
  20. Antidiabetic Activity of Hydromethanolic Extract of CrudeJournal of experimental pharmacology · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.

Sapna B ShettySenior Lecturer, Sharavathi Dental College and Hospital, Shimoga, Karnataka, India.
Prabu Mahin-Syed-IsmailAssistant Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, IBN Sina National College of Medical Studies, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Shaji VargheseProfessor, Department of Orthodontics, P.S.M College of Dental Sciences and Research, Akkikavu, Thrissur, Kerala, India.
Bibin Thomas-GeorgeAssociate Professor, Department of Periodontics, IBN Sina National College of Medical Studies, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Pathinettam Kandathil-ThajurajProfessor and HOD, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, P.S.M College of Dental Sciences and Research, Akkikavu, Thrissur, Kerala, India.
Deepak BabyReader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, P.S.M College of Dental Sciences and Research, Akkikavu, Thrissur, Kerala, India.
Shaista HaleemPost Graduate Student, Department of Aesthetic and Restorative Dentistry, University of Manchester, London, UK.
Sreeja SreedharReader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sri Shankara Dental College and Hospital, Varkala, Trivandrum, Kerala, India.
Darshan Devang-DivakarDental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies · SAKing Saud University · SANoorul Islam College of Dental Science · INRagas Dental College & Hospital · INSinhgad Dental College and Hospital · INUniversity of Manchester · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEthnomedicine is gaining admiration since years but still there is abundant medicinal flora which is unrevealed through research. The study was conducted to assess the in vitro antimicrobial potential and also determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Citrus sinensis peel extracts with a view of searching a novel extract as a remedy for dental caries pathogens. MATERIAL AND

methodsAqueous and ethanol (cold and hot) extracts prepared from peel of Citrus sinensis were screened for in vitro antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus, using agar well diffusion method. The lowest concentration of every extract considered as the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were determined for both test organisms. One way ANOVA with Post Hoc Bonferroni test was applied for statistical analysis. Confidence level and level of significance were set at 95% and 5% respectively.

resultsDental caries pathogens were inhibited most by hot ethanolic extract of Citrus sinensispeel followed by cold ethanolic extract. Aqueous extracts were effective at very high concentrations. Minimum inhibitory concentration of hot and cold ethanolic extracts of Citrus sinensis peel ranged between 12-15 mg/ml against both the dental caries pathogens.

conclusionsCitrus sinensispeels extract was found to be effective against dental caries pathogens and contain compounds with therapeutic potential. Nevertheless, clinical trials on the effect of these plants are essential before advocating large-scale therapy. KEY WORDS: Agar well diffusion, antimicrobial activity, dental caries, Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus acidophilus.

Identifiers

PMID26855710
PMCPMC4739372
OpenAlexW2276920964

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.