ArticleWater research2016
Electrochemical disinfection of toilet wastewater using wastewater electrolysis cell.
Article in Water research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 231 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Electro-Fenton and Induced Electro-Fenton as Versatile Wastewater Treatment Processes for Decontamination and Nutrient Removal without Byproduct Formation.ACS ES&T engineering · 2023Article
- Water treatment and reclamation by implementing electrochemical systems with constructed wetlands.Environmental science and ecotechnology · 2023Article
- Understanding the Catalytic Active Sites of Crystalline CoSbACS applied materials & interfaces · 2023Article
- Technologies for pollutant removal and resource recovery from blackwater: a review.Frontiers of environmental science & engineering · 2023Review
- Novel electro-oxidation unit for electro-disinfection of E. coli and some waterborne pathogens during wastewater treatment: batch and continuous experiments.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- In vitro bacteriological effect of tri-beveled needle electrolysis against Staphylococcus aureus.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Research progress of electrochemical oxidation and self-action of electric field for medical wastewater treatment.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Comparative effectiveness of membrane technologies and disinfection methods for virus elimination in water: A review.The Science of the total environment · 2021Review
- Galvanic current dosage and bacterial concentration are determinants of the bactericidal effect of percutaneous needle electrolysis: an in vitro study.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Effects of process factors on the performance of electrochemical disinfection for wastewater in a continuous-flow cell reactor.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Article
- High chlorine evolution performance of electrochemically reduced TiORSC advances · 2021Article
- Electrochemical Disinfection in Water and Wastewater Treatment: Identifying Impacts of Water Quality and Operating Conditions on Performance.Environmental science & technology · 2021Review
- Effect of microbial fuel cell operation time on the disinfection efficacy of electrochemically synthesised catholyte from urine.Process biochemistry (Barking, London, England) · 2021Article
- Potential Pitfalls in Wastewater Phosphorus Analysis and How to Avoid Them.Environmental health insights · 2021Article
- Optimal design of an electrochemical reactor for blackwater treatment.Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation · 2021Article
- Making wastewater obsolete: Selective separations to enable circular water treatment.Environmental science and ecotechnology · 2021Review
- Laboratory Demonstration and Preliminary Techno-Economic Analysis of an Onsite Wastewater Treatment System.Environmental science & technology · 2020Article
- Resolving the relative contributions of cistern and pour flushing to toilet water usage: Measurements from urban test sites in India.The Science of the total environment · 2020Article
- Potential of using kaolin as a natural adsorbent for the removal of pollutants from tannery wastewater.Heliyon · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The paucity of proper sanitation facilities has contributed to the spread of waterborne diseases in many developing countries. The primary goal of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of using a wastewater electrolysis cell (WEC) for toilet wastewater disinfection. The treated wastewater was designed to reuse for toilet flushing and agricultural irrigation. Laboratory-scale electrochemical (EC) disinfection experiments were performed to investigate the disinfection efficiency of the WEC with four seeded microorganisms (Escherichia coli, Enterococcus, recombinant adenovirus serotype 5, and bacteriophage MS2). In addition, the formation of organic disinfection byproducts (DBPs) trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAA5) at the end of the EC treatment was also investigated. The results showed that at an applied cell voltage of +4 V, the WEC achieved 5-log10 reductions of all four seeded microorganisms in real toilet wastewater within 60 min. In contrast, chemical chlorination (CC) disinfection using hypochlorite [NaClO] was only effective for the inactivation of bacteria. Due to the rapid formation of chloramines, less than 0.5-log10 reduction of MS2 was observed in toilet wastewater even at the highest [NaClO] dosage (36 mg/L, as Cl2) over a 1 h reaction. Experiments using laboratory model waters showed that free reactive chlorine generated in situ during EC disinfection process was the main disinfectant responsible for the inactivation of microorganisms. However, the production of hydroxyl radicals [OH], and other reactive oxygen species by the active bismuth-doped TiO2 anode were negligible under the same electrolytic conditions. The formation of THMs and HAA5 were found to increase with higher applied cell voltage. Based on the energy consumption estimates, the WEC system can be operated using solar energy stored in a DC battery as the sole power source.
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