Trial reportThe American journal of cardiology2016
Impact of Physical Inactivity on Mortality in Patients With Heart Failure.
Trial report in The American journal of cardiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Effects of Comprehensive Outpatient Cardiac Rehabilitation on Exercise Capacity, Functional Status, and Quality of Life in People With Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Physical therapy · 2023Pooled it
- Sedentary behavior and health outcomes in patients with heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Heart failure reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for adults with heart failure.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Self-Care for the Prevention and Management of Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke: A Scientific Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2017Guideline
- Promoting Walking in Cardiopulmonary Disease With Mindful Steps: Pilot Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial of a Web-Based, Pedometer-Mediated Mind-Body Intervention.JMIR formative research · 2025Trial
- Heart Failure Symptoms Improve With More Intense Physical Activity.Biological research for nursing · 2025Trial
- Testing the Recruitment Frequency, Implementation Fidelity, and Feasibility of Outcomes of the Heart Failure Activity Coach Study (HEALTHY): Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR formative research · 2025Trial
- Exercise improves heart failure by regulating cardiomyocyte autophagy via the ILF3/lncRNA NEAT1 axis.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2026Article
- Measuring long-term physical activity in patients with heart failure and its relation to health-related outcomes.ESC heart failure · 2026Observational
- Effects of Low-Intensity Aaerobic Training on Cardiac Dysfunction and Myocardial Fibrosis Induced by Doxorubicin in Wistar Rats.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2026Article
- Determining free-living daily energy expenditure and physical activity in chronic heart failure: questionnaire-doubly labelled water-motion sensors.European heart journal open · 2026Article
- Exploring user experience: A qualitative analysis of the use of a physical activity support app for people with heart failure.PloS one · 2025Article
- Machine learning prediction and SHAP interpretability analysis of heart failure risk in patients with hyperuricemia.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Associations between Physical Activity, Systemic Inflammation, and Hospital Admissions in Adults with Heart Failure.Cardiopulmonary physical therapy journal · 2024Article
- Heart Failure with Mildly Reduced Ejection Fraction-A Phenotype Waiting to Be Explored.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2024Review
- Time of eating and mortality in U.S. adults with heart failure: Analyses of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2018.Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD · 2024Article
- Effects of COVID-19 Lockdown on Heart Failure Patients: A Quasi-Experimental Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Physical Activity Levels in Leisure Time, Sociodemographic Characteristics, and Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases in Brazilian Older Adults: National Health Survey, 2019.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Current status of outpatient heart failure management in Egypt and recommendations for the future.ESC heart failure · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The impact of physical inactivity on heart failure (HF) mortality is unclear. We analyzed data from the HF Adherence and Retention Trial (HART) which enrolled 902 patients with New York Heart Association class II/III HF, with preserved or reduced ejection fraction, who were followed for 36 months. On the basis of mean self-reported weekly exercise duration, patients were classified into inactive (0 min/week) and active (≥1 min/week) groups and then propensity score matched according to 34 baseline covariates in 1:2 ratio. Sedentary activity was determined according to self-reported daily television screen time (<2, 2 to 4, >4 h/day). The primary outcome was all-cause death. Secondary outcomes were cardiac death and HF hospitalization. There were 196 inactive patients, of whom 171 were propensity matched to 342 active patients. Physical inactivity was associated with greater risk of all-cause death (hazard ratio [HR] 2.01, confidence interval [CI] 1.47 to 3.00; p <0.001) and cardiac death (HR 2.01, CI 1.28 to 3.17; p = 0.002) but no significant difference in HF hospitalization (p = 0.548). Modest exercise (1 to 89 min/week) was associated with a significant reduction in the rate of death (p = 0.003) and cardiac death (p = 0.050). Independent of exercise duration and baseline covariates, television screen time (>4 vs <2 h/day) was associated with all-cause death (HR 1.65, CI 1.10 to 2.48; p = 0.016; incremental chi-square = 6.05; p = 0.049). In conclusion, in patients with symptomatic chronic HF, physical inactivity is associated with higher all-cause and cardiac mortality. Failure to exercise and television screen time are additive in their effects on mortality. Even modest exercise was associated with survival benefit.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.