ArticleMayo Clinic proceedings2016
Childhood Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Sex, and Obesity: A Longitudinal Population-Based Study.
Article in Mayo Clinic proceedings, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Negative Affectivity and Emotion Dysregulation as Mediators between ADHD and Disordered Eating: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Obesity: Update 2016.Current psychiatry reports · 2017Pooled it
- The longitudinal impact of individual and parental emotional factors and individual behavioral factors on weight and disordered eating: A scoping review.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- Effects of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder on growth in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Article
- Comparative Effects of Stimulant and Antipsychotic Medications on Eating Behaviors and Weight in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Genetic evidence for the causal relations between metabolic syndrome and psychiatric disorders: a Mendelian randomization study.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- Emotional problems mediate the association between attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and obesity in adolescents.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
- Neurobehavioral phenotypes of delay discounting and cognitive control in child attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and obesity: Shared or distinct?Pediatric obesity · 2023Article
- The early life course-related traits with three psychiatric disorders: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Shared Genetic Factors Contributing to the Overlap between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms and Overweight/Obesity in Swedish Adolescent Girls and Boys.Twin research and human genetics : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies · 2022Article
- Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder medications and BMI trajectories: The role of medication type, sex and age.Pediatric obesity · 2021Article
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Association With Obesity and Eating Disorders.Cureus · 2020Review
- The Co-occurrence of Pediatric Obesity and ADHD: an Understanding of Shared Pathophysiology and Implications for Collaborative Management.Current obesity reports · 2020Review
- ADHD: Current Concepts and Treatments in Children and Adolescents.Neuropediatrics · 2020Review
- Assessing causality in the association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and obesity: a Mendelian randomization study.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2019Article
- The Association between ADHD and Obesity: Intriguing, Progressively More Investigated, but Still Puzzling.Brain sciences · 2019Article
- The role of genetic and environmental influences on the association between childhood ADHD symptoms and BMI.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2019Article
- Neurocognitive and Health Correlates of Overweight and Obesity among Ten-Year-Old Children Born Extremely Preterm.The Journal of pediatrics · 2018Observational
- Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms Are Associated with Overeating with and without Loss of Control in Youth with Overweight/Obesity.Childhood obesity (Print) · 2018Article
- Sleep Problems in Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Current Status of Knowledge and Appropriate Management.Current psychiatry reports · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo assess obesity rates during childhood and young adulthood in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and age- and sex-matched controls derived from a population-based birth cohort because cross-sectional studies suggest an association between ADHD and obesity. PATIENTS AND
methodsStudy subjects included patients with childhood ADHD (n=336) and age- and sex-matched non-ADHD controls (n=665) from a 1976 to 1982 birth cohort (N=5718). Height, weight, and stimulant treatment measurements were abstracted retrospectively from medical records documenting care provided from January 1, 1976, through August 31, 2010. The association between ADHD and obesity in patients with ADHD relative to controls was estimated using Cox models.
resultsPatients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder were 1.23 (95% CI, 1.00-1.50; P<.05) times more likely to be obese during the follow-up period than were non-ADHD controls. This association was not statistically significant in either sex (female participants: hazard ratio [HR], 1.49; 95% CI, 0.98-2.27; P=.06; male participants HR, 1.17, 95% CI, 0.92-1.48; P=.20). Patients with ADHD who were not obese as of the date ADHD research diagnostic criteria were met were 1.56 (95% CI, 1.14-2.13; P<.01) times more likely to be obese during the subsequent follow-up than were controls. This association was statistically significant in female study subjects (HR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.13-3.60; P=.02), but not in male participants (HR, 1.41; 95% CI, 0.97-2.05; P=.07). A higher proportion of patients with ADHD were obese after the age of 20 years compared with non-ADHD controls (34.4% vs 25.1%; P=.01); this difference was observed only in female patients (41.6% vs 19.2%). There were no differences in obesity rates between stimulant-treated and nontreated patients with ADHD.
conclusionChildhood ADHD is associated with obesity during childhood and young adulthood in females. Treatment with stimulant medications is not associated with the development of obesity up to young adulthood.
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