SynthesisPloS one2016
Anatomical Variations in the Sinoatrial Nodal Artery: A Meta-Analysis and Clinical Considerations.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- Clinical course of sinus node dysfunction after thoracoscopic surgery for atrial fibrillation-analysis of the Atrial Fibrillation Ablation and Autonomic Modulation via Thoracoscopic Surgery (AFACT) study.Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing · 2021Trial
- Transient sinus arrest caused by coronary spasm of the sinus node artery after pulsed field ablation for superior vena cava isolation: a case report.European heart journal. Case reports · 2026Article
- Sinus arrest in a patient with acute coronary syndrome due to a rare anatomical variation in the sinoatrial nodal artery.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Acute atrial infarction precipitating sinus node dysfunction with challenging pacemaker placement and subsequent pericarditis.HeartRhythm case reports · 2026Article
- Sinoatrial Node Dynamics: Clinical Relevance and microRNA-Based Modulation of Pacemaker Activity.Cureus · 2025Review
- Sudden Cardiac Death Due to Ventricular Arrhythmia in Acute Coronary Occlusion: Potential Roles of the Sinoatrial Nodal Artery and Conus Artery.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2025Article
- Risk Factors and Genetic Insights into Coronary Artery Disease-Related Sudden Cardiac Death: A Molecular Analysis of Forensic Investigation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Angiographic Characterization and Sex-Related Anatomical Differences of Atrial Coronary Arteries Anatomy-A Proposal of Systematic Classification.Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions · 2025Article
- Rare origin of the sinoatrial node artery: an anatomic report and a brief review of the literature.Anatomical science international · 2025Review
- Comprehensive Review of Coronary Artery Anatomy Relevant to Cardiac Surgery.Current cardiology reviews · 2025Review
- Usefulness of temporary pacemaker during acetylcholine provocation testing.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2024Article
- Temporary sinus node dysfunction following ablation of atrial fibrillation in patients with aberrancy of the sinus node artery: a case series.Interdisciplinary cardiovascular and thoracic surgery · 2024Article
- Intraoperative characterization of cardiac tissue: the potential of light scattering spectroscopy.Journal of biomedical optics · 2024Article
- Associations Between Coronary Artery Calcium Score and Exacerbation Risk in BLOCK-COPD.Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (Miami, Fla.) · 2024Article
- The right coronary artery in the heart of chinchilla (Chinchilla laniger Molina).Veterinary research communications · 2023Article
- Epicardial Targets With Endocardial Ablation: Risks for the Unseen.JACC. Case reports · 2022Article
- Rhythm disorders after isolated mitral valve surgery: Consideration of the variations of the sinoatrial nodal artery in choice of atriotomy.Turk gogus kalp damar cerrahisi dergisi · 2022Article
- A case of atrial septal defect associated with anomalous sinoatrial node artery in pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum.Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.) · 2021Article
- The Organization of the Sinoatrial Node Microvasculature Varies Regionally to Match Local Myocyte Excitability.Function (Oxford, England) · 2021Article
- Conduction Disorders in the Setting of Acute STEMI.Current cardiology reviews · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectiveThe sinoatrial nodal artery (SANa) is a highly variable vessel which supplies blood to the sinoatrial node (SAN). Due to its variability and susceptibility to iatrogenic injury, our study aimed to assess the anatomy of the SANa and determine the prevalence of its anatomical variations. STUDY
designAn extensive search of major electronic databases was performed to identify all articles reporting anatomical data on the SANa. No lower date limit or language restrictions were applied. Anatomical data regarding the artery were extracted and pooled into a meta-analysis.
resultsSixty-six studies (n = 21455 hearts) were included in the meta-analysis. The SANa usually arose as a single vessel with a pooled prevalence of 95.5% (95%CI:93.6-96.9). Duplication and triplication of the artery were also observed with pooled prevalence of 4.3% (95%CI:2.8-6.0) and 0.3% (95%CI:0-0.7), respectively. The most common origin of the SANa was from the right coronary artery (RCA), found in 68.0% (95%CI:55.6-68.9) of cases, followed by origin from the left circumflex artery, and origin from the left coronary artery with pooled prevalence of 22.1% (95%CI:15.0-26.2) and 2.7 (95%CI:0.7-5.2), respectively. A retrocaval course of the SANa was the most common course of the artery with a pooled prevalence of 47.1% (95%CI:36.0-55.5). The pooled prevalence of an S-shaped SANa was 7.6% (95%CI:2.9-14.1).
conclusionsThe SANa is most commonly reported as a single vessel, originating from the RCA, and taking a retrocaval course to reach the SAN. Knowledge of high risk anatomical variants of the SANa, such as an S-shaped artery, must be taken into account by surgeons to prevent iatrogenic injuries. Specifically, interventional or cardiosurgical procedures, such as the Cox maze procedure for atrial fibrillation, open heart surgeries through the right atrium or intraoperative cross-clamping or dissection procedures during mitral valve surgery using the septal approach can all potentiate the risk for injury in the setting of high-risk morphological variants of the SANa.
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