Trial reportPloS one2016
A Lower Olfactory Capacity Is Related to Higher Circulating Concentrations of Endocannabinoid 2-Arachidonoylglycerol and Higher Body Mass Index in Women.
Trial report in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- Obesity, Olfaction and Cognition: A Systematic Review.Current obesity reports · 2025Pooled it
- The association between olfactory dysfunction and cardiovascular disease and its risk factors in middle-aged and older adults.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Insulin Resistance Is Associated with Reduced Food Odor Sensitivity across a Wide Range of Body Weights.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- Weight Loss, Dietary Preferences, and Reduction in the Sense of Smell with the Use of a Novel Nasal Device.Obesity facts · 2020Trial
- Multiple Roles of Cannabinoids in the Olfactory System.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Olfactory Capacity and Obesity in Chilean Adolescents.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Odor of Fatty Acids: Differences in Threshold and Perception Intensity Between Sexes.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Qualitative and Quantitative Sex-Related Differences in the Perception of Single Molecules from Coffee Headspace.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Factors associated with loss and recovery of smell and taste after COVID-19 infection.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2024Article
- Effect of theNutrients · 2024Article
- The Role of the Olfactory System in Obesity and Metabolism in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Metabolites · 2023Review
- Association of anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol concentrations with clinical features and body mass index in eating disorders and obesity.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2023Article
- Article
- Regulation of Metabolic Health by an "Olfactory-Hypothalamic Axis" and Its Possible Implications for the Development of Therapeutic Approaches for Obesity and T2D.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2022Review
- International consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: Olfaction.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2022Review
- Sex differences in endocannabinoids during 3 years of Mediterranean diet intervention: Association with insulin resistance and weight loss in a population with metabolic syndrome.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Does Each Menstrual Cycle Elicit a Distinct Effect on Olfactory and Gustatory Perception?Nutrients · 2021Observational
- Copy number variant analysis and expression profiling of the olfactory receptor-rich 11q11 region in obesity predisposition.Molecular genetics and metabolism reports · 2020Article
- Obesity and COVID-19: Oro-Naso-Sensory Perception.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- The association of dietary patterns with endocannabinoids levels in overweight and obese women.Lipids in health and disease · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The endocannabinoid (eCB) system can promote food intake by increasing odor detection in mice. The eCB system is over-active in human obesity. Our aim is to measure circulating eCB concentrations and olfactory capacity in a human sample that includes people with obesity and explore the possible interaction between olfaction, obesity and the eCB system. The study sample was made up of 161 females with five groups of body mass index sub-categories ranging from under-weight to morbidly obese. We assessed olfactory capacity with the "Sniffin´Sticks" test, which measures olfactory threshold-discrimination-identification (TDI) capacity. We measured plasma concentrations of the eCBs 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and N-arachidonoylethanolamine or anandamide (AEA), and several eCB-related compounds, 2-acylglycerols and N-acylethanolamines. 2-AG and other 2-acylglycerols fasting plasma circulating plasma concentrations were higher in obese and morbidly obese subjects. AEA and other N-acylethanolamine circulating concentrations were lower in under-weight subjects. Olfactory TDI scores were lower in obese and morbidly obese subjects. Lower TDI scores were independently associated with higher 2-AG fasting plasma circulating concentrations, higher %body fat, and higher body mass index, after controlling for age, smoking, menstruation, and use of contraceptives. Our results show that obese subjects have a lower olfactory capacity than non-obese ones and that elevated fasting plasma circulating 2-AG concentrations in obesity are linked to a lower olfactory capacity. In agreement with previous studies we show that eCBs AEA and 2-AG, and their respective congeners have a distinct profile in relation to body mass index. The present report is the first study in humans in which olfactory capacity and circulating eCB concentrations have been measured in the same subjects.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.